Wang Books

Dogs and their kin have an extensive fossil record, especially in North America. The authors have recently published three extensive technical monographs on fossil dogs, wolves, coyotes, foxes, etc. based on the unbelievably huge collections at the American Museum of Natural History and elsewhere. This book is essentially a popularization of the technical work, although this volume can be a bit technical in places.

The authors cover the taxonomy of modern Canidae, the origin of carnivores, dogs, and numerous doglike mammals, anatomy, hunting and social activity (not only of modern dogs, but what can be interpreted from fossils), how the evolution of dogs is related to the last 40 million years of climate change, the migration of dogs from North American into the Old World, and a short chapter on domestic dogs.

Included as appendices are listings of all 200 plus fossil and living Canidae species and an evolutionary tree base on the author's research.
The artwork by Antön is wonderfully done with his sketches rivaling his almost photographic looking color paintings in quality. Antön previously has illustrated other books on vertebrate paleontology, including The Big Cats and their Fossil Relatives.

Almost anyone who is interested in dogs and/or vertebrate paleontology should read this book. Natural History magazine has a short non-technical summary article by the authors in July-August '08 issue if you want a good preview. Dr. Wang has a wonderful website with links to much of his research and a pdf of the Natural History article.

The medium sized book provides an excellent, well written, and entertaining summary of the evolutionary history of the canine family; described in the context of the changing geologic, climatic, and biologic conditions of the past 60 million years. The many excellent illustrations truly add a sense of life to both the many living and long extinct species. The book is fairly technical, but is written is such a way as not to scare off the non-scientific reader. I highly recommend it for both the technical and casual reader.

This book is a great follow-up to The Big Cats and Their Fossil Relatives and like the forementioned it doesn't disappoint! Well researched, well written and accompanied by outstanding illustrations (Mauricio Anton really displays his talents as a reconstructive artist), this book is a treasure to anyone interested in carnivoran evolution. The list of pertinent reference books relating to mammalian evolution is an added bonus. I just wish it could go into more depth on many of the interesting species it reveals to us. A great introduction to canid evolution, you can't go wrong with this one!

This book encompasses everything that inspired me to pursue paleontological research...the meticulous manner in which the authors document the evolutionary history of dogs, and the unparalleled illustrations that bring those concepts and species to life. The paleontologists who wrote this book are authorities in their fields, and are much respected for the quality of their work. The price tag for the book is a huge understatement of its value. Be glad you are getting such a bargain for a priceless work, just short of picking the brains of the authors themselves!

Mr. Hughes, in my opinion, is the best African American writer, whom describes the life as a balck man traveling throughout the world. This book is poignant and evokes a sense constant despair and the writer confronts different predjudice throughout the world.

When I started writing here on Amazon reviews I was thinking of placing pieces of my memory from books that shaped our family so that my daughter who was reading and living on-line might share a few minutes with me as I reflected back on things that might tell the stories of us. Being very ill it seemed a logical kind of thing to do. One of the reasons I waited until Christmas to write this particular piece was it fits, the title of this story taken from an Appalachian melody of Christmas, among the most beautiful I know for my playing on dulcimer. The tune which inspired his title is just a simple,hill country piece of handiwork. The other reason I waited was having made an Amazon friend who is inspired at a fundamental level by Hughes and who is dear to me, it gave me awhile to think about what to say here of this book. I know he lives in close connection to Hughes spirit and may indeed embody and carry this work and truth. Not an easy thing at all...but the world is better for this. I hate to do it a disservice and I'm inadequate to the task, and yet the book is among my most favorite ever read. I'm surprised that it isn't reviewed by many more here , this volume for me one of the most amazing secrets ever kept. It is an autobiographical journey, a tale from his life; it serves to create inner spaces, visceral visual ones, to consider Hughes and to look upon his perspectives. All I can conclude is something I find tonight as I type, it's daunting to write to the book and do it any real justice. It is worth purchasing for anyone, especially for someone who loves to read of the times of our lives in the 20th century..

Hughes opens the book, which covers time from 1931 to 1938 as a piece to carry on from The Big Sea his first autobiographical work. As I read them out of order I cannot say I am sorry this was my first. It stays solidly in my head. He tells of traveling in a car on a reading tour in the South and the west. On opening the tale of wandering we are where he was reading his work in small often rural settings and revealing black community and his meager circumstances as he was essentially becoming the writer. He becomes involved in a film project and goes to the Soviet Union which is such an amazing thing to read....it is a project that doesn't work out and he stays and continues traveling. Just to know more about this time in history from his perspective in areas we could not know enough about is worth the book....and it is these observations and how he finally returns to the US, I found the most compelling of the narrative. I felt I was wandering, wandering free of some of the limitations of American political shaping, looking at the Soviets as they took on the start of building their country, listening to Hughes describe the adventure, what he sees. Hughes is not given to excessive internal dialog, he is almost remarkably absent of this-which of course is a vehicle he creates-he relates what he sees and it has a kind of universal journey construction...almost ...so perfectly of those times, so completely crafted that I lose my "self" in the pages...I am a train, or a days delicious seafood with boiled bananas and Spanish rice learning to rumba. I am ill equipped to summarize but Hughes is a genius, creating a kind of tableau that for me stands as visually there as the great human artists of these times, this he does so easily. And I feel this trip across Russia as an experience. I think what moves me is that Hughes recounts human interaction, the simplicity, the everyday as it might be felt by myself or was felt by himself. I've spent most all of my life living in teaching in ordinary everyday, poorer worlds by choice learning of the dignity and indignity, suffering, laughing, discovering others, in the valid and real lives of ordinary people. It makes me anecdotal and determined to honor lives. And I note in the book foreword him stating, "I've now cut out all the impersonal stuff down to a running narrative with me in the middle of every page...the kind of intense condensation that, of course, keeps an autobiography from being entirely true, in that nobody's life is pure essence without pulp, waste matter , and rind-which art, of course, throws in the trash can." Ah always genius.

Because I had read a great deal of these times interested in Lillian Hellman and many other figures, his recounting his story with Arthur Koestler was so interesting. Again threaded through this personal anecdote was so much good information and his perspective. He talks of Haiti and I've given these pages many times to friends connected to this country, of Cuba, China and Japan ending in Carmel in an area I lived with close life there for 9 years, which was remarkable for me as I first encountered the book reading it sitting in a bookshop in Carmel and wandering the streets reading and thinking and enjoying thoughts of his times there. These were times of Communism, Marxism, the Scottsboro Boys, and only a bit becomes part of the book though I was discerning much because I did know of the times from my interests, reading and from reading more to understand his times.

I have stated in writing I've done of my teaching life that Hughes lived writing of black America, of politics, of difficult constructs, from his background, then his education, from his broadening views, from traveling, meeting such a wide spectrum, he was writing of the lives of the poor, living the lives, but also a writer, thinker, a man apart. I sense his frustration as much as I can from my inadequacies in trying to speak to these issues of fairness, of poverty, of the travesty of greed, of human lives affected by prejudice and economic and political failure. I write anecdotally of teaching in South Central, in migrant areas trying to reach out and tell the stories of kids hoping those that read can draw conclusions and understand better their real realities. I sense Hughes left to his readers a responsibility to use his journey, his insights, to think about how to make America a fairer place. How to work to create a just world. And to understand how broad a world it is.

I read in the forward about the books reception as "shallow". And I wonder....as I too wander. There is an elegant powerful truth that Hughes carries, a silent power in a poets voice spoken in the face of revealing things no one can hear or will hear. There is a basic return to the voyage as meaning itself, a telling of a life, a looking at life as a movement forward. I just cannot find that shallow. I find Hughes as ever one of the touchstones of my life.

As the sequel to "The Big Sea", Mr.Hughes again speaks the language of a poet so well that he makes the reading of his life seem like a first-person experience. After his travels on several ships and the taste of his first successes(and failures), he simply explores and writes: of Paris, Russia, and Cuba, and shares his experiences with the reader. His writing is so rich and vivid that he makes every location in the world seem like poetry in motion. This book and "The Big Sea" should definitely be on reading lists everywhere-or, if you have a friend or relative who feels like they're a "wandering spirit", these books would make great gifts. Mr.Hughes touches on everything human: from the strained relationship with his father to the blatant racism he encounters everyday; to the women he becomes fond of and his neverending thirst for experience and knowledge; to the countless sights of wonder in the world that one never sees when they are ignorant. Beautiful writing by a true poet.

IN THIS BOOK , MR. HUGHES REALLY OPENS UP AND LETS THE READER INTO HIS WORLD. IT IS NOT HARD TO IMAGINE BEING IN THE PLACES THAT HE DESCRIBES. THE EVENTS AND CHARACTERS POP OUT AT YOU. THIS BOOK IS AN ENJOYABLE READ

Reading this book is discovering something entirely new about Kurt Gödel. It is the same revelation I had when I read the theological works of Isaac Newton. With partial exception to Laplace, the great mathematicians were theologians. Of course, Gödel's reflections fall into the category of "natural theology" or, if you wish, "metaphysics;" nevertheless, it reveals a unity between mathematical innovation and theological thinking. I cannot recommend this book too highly. There is an isomorphism in arguments for God's existence and arguments about infinity in mathematics (I include formal logic and its metatheory under this same rubric of "mathematics"). For example, mathematical induction resorts to infinity in its argument when it employs the method of recursion. Gödel's famous incompleteness theorem also employs recursion when he applies Gödel numbering (modeling symbols and formulas in arithmetic with prime numbers). The common theme of noncontradiction in logic and its analogue of dividing by zero in number theory finds its analogue here with metaphysical assertions about the problem of infinite regress when we decline to posit an ultimate or infinite power grounding the entire order of things. This ultimate ground or referent warrants the appellation of "God." Because part of the order of things involves "personality," I would add that this warrants positing "God" as "personal," not "impersonal" as understood by the heathen. Gödel goes through these arguments and much more. His concept of consciousness as a unity sounds like he was influenced by Kant's notion of the transcendental unity of apperception or it could be an original thought. It is better to read one great book by a great mind such as this than a hundred books by mediocre minds.

Wang's presentation of Godel brings the supergenius mathematical logician within the reach of people who are neither logicians nor mathematicians ... at least occasionally. "Godel, Escher and Bach," a previous best-seller effort, didn't manage to do that. I never thought I could or would stay with a book I comprehended so little. It was like digging through a 5 gallon drum of sunflower seeds in search of a cupful of sesame seeds that I could digest and metabolize. But I couldn't stop! Every time I found one of those sesame seeds I could understand and maybe even use to help me understand something else, I got a rush of motivation to keep on reading, in hopes there would be at least one more such sesame seed! The reason was Wang's delivery, based on his very way of being. He is a smart, trained mathematical logician himself who grew up in a contrasting philosophical culture [featuring Chinese nontheistic assumptions] and he managed to become as humble and honest and open minded and open hearted an individual as I have yet encountered in person or on the printed page. His use of self disclosure ... an au currant recommended practice among scientist science writers ... demonstrates a Goldilocks model for others to follow: not too much -- no egotistical tangents, and not too little -- he is remarkably clear about his own assumptons, biases and prejudices. Even if you don't care much about understanding Godel, the book is worth reading to get acquainted with Hao Wang.

Many mathematicians know about Gödel's famous theorem. But very few know about Gödel the man. Through this book, we come to know the man, especially Gödel the philosopher.

Through this book we find out that although Gödel and Einstein were close friends, Gödel, unlike Einstein, shunned public debate. He held philosophical views which he knew would be very controversial if he were to publicize them, and he greatly disliked publshing anything he could not prove rigorously. Accoringly, he instructed his biographer to publish these viewpoints only after his death.

This book contains hundreds of quotations from Gödel's conversations with the author. Fortunately, the author left in quotations that he he said he did not understand, trusting that others might.

Here are a few quotes:

"Consciousness is connected with one unity. A machine is composed of parts."

"The brain is a computing machine connected with a spirit."

"Materialism is false."

"Our total reality and total existence are beautiful and meaningful . . . . We should judge reality by the little which we truly know of it. Since that part which conceptually we know fully turns out to be so beautiful, the real world of which we know so little should also be beautiful. Life may be miserable for seventy years and happy for a million years: the short period of misery may even be necessary for the whole."

If you find Gödel's theorem interesting, I hope you will read this book and found out more about the man behind the theorem.

: The ideas expressed in this book are at least 100 years ahead of their time. Godel wasn't just friends with Einstein, he was (and is) widely regarded as "the greatest logician since Aristotle" (Oppenheimer said that, Aristotle was the father of logic). Einstein said that the only reason he showed up for work at the IAS in Princeton in his last years was so he could walk home with Godel. In his spare time, Godel was the first person in the world to show how Einstein's equations allowed for the possibility of time travel. He did this, not to show how to travel through time, but to show that time has no real existence, it is instead a consequence of the way in which our minds are organized.


: So much for the pedigree, here's some ideas from the book: the existence of an immortal soul can and will be proved scientifically, computers can never be conscious, and mathematical theorems have an existence every bit as real as the chair you are sitting in.


: I was an agnostic before I read this book. Now I know that "mind" and "soul" are just two words for the same thing. Godel is the smartest man that ever lived, and this book contains some of his most interesting ideas in a (reasonably) accessible form. Don't expect to understand more than 10% of it the first time you read it, I have been reading it for years and understand maybe a quarter of it.

I cannot say enough about the value of this book to me. I just finished it today and wish it had been MY first book in the subject. My topic of interest is 1832 and the settlement of West Tennessee. I have had scant real knowledge of the era or the place, but long harbored a yearning to know the actual facts as well as sentiment, national and local, of the early days of my home in Alabama and my adult home in West Tennessee. I have skirted the topic of the "Old Southwest," land grants, what effect statehood in Tennessee (1796)--the sixteenth state--had on anything, how were roads built and mail transferred. Now I'm getting closer to the subject and am very glad to know that time better...and be justly grateful.

I kinda sorta knew some of this story of settlement, so selected the topic of West Tennessee settlement for a creative writing project. And was it a winning subject!

Wallace is an accomplished writer with scores of books. It seems he has dedicated himself to the Indian topic; he is also an anthropologist. His short book portrays the essential characteristics of the colonial presidents and the Indians, then brings us up through Jackson's two administrations and the Indian Removal Act of Congress, 1830. The final chapter dips into all the other eastern tribal history and includes briefly 20th century changes with the Indians.

Other fine books of research have more recently been brought forward, specifically my other favorite, Waselkov, Gregory A., "A Conquering Spirit: Fort Mims and the Redstick War of 1813-1814." But Wallace's book, had I read it first, would have plugged me into the era from the start of my research and oriented my knowledge of history, inadequate though it has been. His mastery of style allowed me to read fluently and fast, and touched my heart, too, even to Old Hickory, whom we see by his actions as a compassionate man (sometimes) who had some really tough assignments, to say the least.

I look forward to reading other of Mr. Wallace's volumes. I also wholeheartedly recommend the book to good juvenile readers.

Robin S. Davis
Memphis, Tennessee

Simply the best work available on Indian Removal, in my opinion. It is highly regarded among academic historians. Wallace did a tremendous job of writing clearly and making the plight of the Indians understandable to anyone. It is short, it is lucid, it is interesting reading. Plus, it is balanced. This is not a work that treats Indians as childlike, passive victims, but it does convey the injustice and unnecessary hardships to which they were subjected. It also does not portray the government and non-Indian Americans simply as aggressors. It's an important work for understanding what happened to the tribes. It won't take a lot of your time, so do yourself a favor and read it.

Few events in American history are as shameful as the removal of the Indians from the American Southeast in the 1830s. Despite prior treaties and remarkable success in assimilating American culture, the tribes in the region - Cherokees, Creeks, Choctaws, Chickasaws, and Seminoles - were driven west by the voracious demand of Americans for land. In this book, Anthony Wallace provides a survey of the development of federal policy towards the tribes in the early 19th century and its impact upon them.

For much of the early 19th century, Indian policy was mired in a conflict between people advocating Indian "reform" (who saw Indians as capable of being taught the ways of white civilization) and proponents of a policy of removing Indians from land slated for settlement. The election of Andrew Jackson to the presidency in 1828 decided this conflict. A westerner with a reputation as an Indian fighter, Jackson sided with removal advocates, endorsing a bill that made removal to lands west of the Mississippi River federal policy.

Though supporters of removal argued that the policy was necessary given the unredeemable savagery of the Indians, as Wallace points out, the success of the tribes in the region undermined this justification. More dependent on agriculture than other tribes, the Indians of the Southeast had an easier time adapting to American cultural standards than their counterparts in other regions, with some tribal members even owning slaves. This didn't save them from removal however, and the Cherokees discovered just how hollow the promise of assimilation was when Jackson ignored a Supreme Court ruling that rejected Georgia's claim of state sovereignty over the Indians, thus depriving the tribes of the only hope of protection from expulsion. The result was the "Trail of Tears," the forced migration to Indian Territory that resulted in the deaths of thousands of Indians.

Wallace provides a summary of Jackson's Indian policy that is both balanced and readable. His coverage of white attitudes, which runs across the spectrum from the hostility of settlers to the sympathy of white missionaries, is refreshingly nuanced. His coverage of the Indians is equally good, and he pulls no punches in demonstrating the extent to which the tribal leadership was complicit in removal. Readers seeking to learn more about the "Trail of Tears" and the policies that brought it about would do well to start with this book.

An Indian activist or just an amature historian, everyone should read this book. Though short, it gives an excellent narrative of the removal of Indians and their trama from the East by the American government. This book is amazingly well written and is for both students (like myself who read it in a class) or for casual readers. Please concider this book to find out more about the emerging stories of what really happened to Native Americans.

This book is an excellent source that covers system, component and architectures of memory systems and how the total computer memory system is put together into a working system. The coverage of the material is up to date and addresses the critical issues that are facing the present and next generation memory systems being implemented and designed today. The book was well written and is a great source for engineering students and even to a degree non-engineering people. For me, a seasoned engineer, that is relatively new to memory systems, is has been a great source in helping me understand the overall system and how it all works. It also addresses some of the major engineering issues facing todays design that I am presently working on and covers the details of the components to give a good overall understanding of how it all fits together. An excellent overall source to have on hand for any engineer working on memory systems

Based on what I have read through so far, it is superb. I can see it very easily becoming the industry's new reference standard for memory system design. Very well done!

Anyone who has built a computer or measured its performance recently knows that all but the slowest CPUs spend roughly 90% of their time twiddling their thumbs, checking their wristwatches, waiting on the memory system. The memory system today defines computer-system performance, yet very little is written about it (how does it work? what are the parameters? how to optimize it? etc.). So we wrote this book to address that -- it covers all facets of memory-systems design. Paraphrasing Richard Sites, one of the lead architects of the DEC Alpha processor over a decade ago, memory systems design is the only thing worth focusing on right now ... all else is a waste of time. Hopefully this will help you to build something that rocks; that was our goal.

Minor correction: the book is hardcover, not paperback.

Don't be fooled by the titled...this is not a tired tale from a dove. Gabriel's analysis of military failures from the Vietnam era through the early 80's is insightful and full of wisdom that all military planners - hawks and doves - should consider.

Yes, Gabriel's work holds value to military planners and scholars, but the text is also vibrant and exciting. The author looks at five different operations. Gives an overview of their objectives and describes what went wrong. Then pulls the layers back and exposes the lessons learned from each encounter. Its part historical narrative and part analysis.

Powerful stuff. Just as relevant today as it was prior to the Gulf War. Read up on our successes in that theater, then read this and see how we applied the lessons Gabriel taught us (and others, to be sure). Your understanding of military planning will grow significantly. As will your appreciation for our men and women in uniform.

Highly recommended.

The best book written about the post-Vietnam military. Although Mr. Gabriel was an officer, he seems especially in tune with what really happens to the soldiers on the ground who have to carry out stupid orders from above. Ths is one of the most honest and objective looks at the U.S. military. I wish he would write a sequel, beginning with Panama, Iraq, Somalia, Haiti and Bosnia. A litany of failure.

If you love the American military, don't read this review; just get a copy of the book. Used copies are easily found online. It reads like Tom Clancy, i.e., you won't be able to put it down.

I've heard a lot of people complain about bureaucracy, but this book does an excellent job of painting an exacting picture of the problem. Gabriel argues that 3 issues produce American military failures:
1. Size of the officer corps (it is too big).
2. Rapid reassignment of officers (no one learns their job).
3. Self-promotion ( and self-serving bureaucracies).
4. Amateurism of political leadership.

The result is a lack of force preparedness and competent mission design.

Gabriel quotes a lot of numbers, so it is easy to check them. I was surprised to discover the ratio of enlisted to officers had gotten worse since the books publication in 1985. At publication, the ratio of enlisted to officers was about 7 to 1, it is now a little above 5 to 1.

Chapters on post-Viet Nam military operations make up the bulk of the book. Each chapter represents a detailed look at the planning and execution of the operation. Each operation is described as a failure in fact, if not political representation. The operations are:
1. Sontay Prison rescue attempt
2. The Mayaguez rescue attempt
3. The Iran rescue attempt
4. Peace keeping in Beirut
5. Grenada (rescue of students)

I am not comfortable with the concluding recommendations. I find them little more than tilting at wind-mills. Gabriel recommends fewer officers, fewer promotions, fewer reassignments, and end to the Joint Chiefs of Staff bureaucracy.

Enjoy.

Excellent analysis of the repeated failures of US military operations from the end of the Vietnam war through the assault on Grenada. Many of the lessons learned that are examined in detail were directly applied by the commanders in Operation Desert Storm. I was presented with a copy in 1987 at my commissioning ceremony by a Special Forces LTC. After sharing it with several peers in Army Aviation, I passed my highlighted, dog-eared copy to a friend at Pensacola where several Naval Air professionals got a chance to take a peek. I now require that my junior officers and NCOs read this book as part of their professional development.

This is an absolutely fascinating book. The material in it is interesting, detailed and very well written. She uses legal cases as a starting point to discuss women's civic obligations. It becomes very clear that people's obligations have an enormous effect on their rights and the roles they are expected to play in society. The individual cases help keep things grounded in people's lives and not just legal theories. There is an amazing amount of information that I never knew which really helped me understand how things were and how they changed.

One case study was two women who felt that they were being charged more in property taxes that the other land owners in the area. They decided to stop paying property taxes using the slogan "no taxation without representation". These two women had received training in political activism with the abolition and temperence movements which was common among the people who worked for women's sufferage. The "no taxation without representation" was one of the first legal arguments used to try and obtain voting rights for women and initially it was a strong one. It had certainly worked to increase the various classes of men that were allowed to vote. With women, unfortunately, the courts chipped away at the legel precident rather than following it. This one case allowed Ms. Kerber to talk about how women were hurt by being kept out of the political system, the women's sufferage movement, and the response of the courts and politicians.

This book gave me an immense amount of food for thought. I highly recommend it.

I have read a lot of women's and Constitutional history, and still my jaw literally dropped open several times while reading this book. Her use of real scenarios made the book readable and enjoyable. People have said lately that we are focused too much on our rights and not our responsibilities; it's scary to see that whether women must bear the responsibilities of citizenship is still in many ways an open question.

I'm definately interested in reading and understanding more about the situation women face today. This book was an incredibly informative education on the evolution of debate about what exactly is a woman's place in society. It helped clarify vague confusion I've felt about things being not yet fully equal, but not having the background or vocabulary to explain why.

This is that rare history book that can keep one up late, utterly unable to wait til the next day for the end of the story. Kerber focuses on little-known women and their conflicts with government over their rights and obligations as citizens: loyalty during wartime, voting, serving on juries, paying taxes. She brings these stories to life with dramatic, clear writing. If you're interested in American history, don't miss this book

A great book to have for those who want to understand holidays and basic customs of China. For approximately age 6 and up, a little advanced for age 5, but still great, just gloss over what is too advanced for now. Fabulous illustrations by wonderful Grace Lin, a very decorated book. I sent this to Kindergarten for my daughter's teacher to review Chinese New Year with the class. I sent in Red Envelopes with chocolate coins and pinwheels and a little card with Sagwa. The kids loved it and the teacher was excited to be offered the opportunity to learn more herself about the holiday and share it with the class.

One Year in Beijing is a children's picturebook that takes the reader on a month-by-month journey of what it's like to live in China's capital city, as seen through the eyes of an eight-year-old girl. Author Xiaohong Wong grew up in Beijing in the hope that sharing what adolescence in Beijing is like will inspire children worldwide to learn more about what happens beyond their own backyards. Simple, iconic illustrations add a visual touch to the descriptions of seasonal activities in this enriching blend of story and memoir.

What a wonderful book. This is our fourth Grace Lin book, and it is currently my two-year-old daughter's favorite. Grace Lin's illustrations are so visually appealing and creative. The book provides great information about various Chinese holidays, Chinese culture, and points of interest around Beijing. This book would make a wonderful gift for a Chinese American child or a child of any background!

This book is mainly about the holidays celebrated each month in China. I was expecting it to be more about everyday life in the city of Beijing.

In my opinion Israel's short but extremely violent campaign in Lebanon in 1982 is a subject that must be studied with great attention since it can teach us many political and operational lessons in order to evaluate the current situation in the Middle East and the way that Israel responds to periodic violence from Hezbollah. Mr Gabriel gives the background of that conflict and the subsquent military operations in great detail, accompanied by numerous black and white maps which show the situation on the ground every day.

Once Egypt signed a treaty with Israel in 1979 and Sinai became a buffer zone, Israel became safe from a full peripheral war. Jordan was not going to launch an attack and Syria by itself could not strike. The danger to Israel became Palestinian operations inside Israel and the occupied territories and the threat posed from Lebanon by the Syrian-sponsored group Hezbollah. In 1982, Israel responded to this threat by invading Lebanon, It moved as far north as Beirut and the mountains east and northeast of it, cutting in the process the Beirut - Damascus highway. Israel did not invade Beirut proper, since Israeli forces traditionaly do not like urban warfare as it imposes too high a rate of attrition. But what the Israelis found was low-rate attrition. Throughout their occupation of Lebanon, they were constantly experiencing guerilla attacks, particularly from Hezbollah, until the were forced to withdraw their troops from Lebanon in 2000.

Although the overall analysis is good, my complain is that the author does not devote enough pages to the terrific air battle of Bekaa Valley or the slaughter of the Syrian Air Force (the Israeli pilots achieved a score in the region of 81:0) and he makes some mistakes regarding the total number of weapons available to the IDF, like number of tanks, self propelled artillery etc. Despite this, the book is a very good introduction to the Lebanon War and the author does not avoid the hot issue of the Sabra / Shatila massacre, even though he does not blame Sharon openly. The book can be read together with Zeev Schiff's excellent "Israel's Lebanon War" and Martin van Creveld's "The Sword and the Olive" which is very critical of the Israeli choices but expertly written.

If you are looking for a politically-skewed analysis of the Arab-Israeli conflict or an overly biased account of the war, this is not your book. I say overly biased because all author have an opinion that is expressed overtly or covertly in their writing.

Richard A. Gabriel, a well-respected professor of politics at St. Anselm College, former US Army intelligence officer, and consultant to the House and Senate Armed Services Committees as well as the Pentagon, has written what is probable the most objective and well-written account of the 1982 War in Lebanon between Israeli, Syrian, Lebanese, PLO, and other forces. He has written numerous books about military actions including several books that constructively criticized the American actions in Vietnam. Several of his books have since become requred reading for courses at military academies.

Prof. Gabriel went out of his way to write an objective analysis of the combat, going so far as to interview PLO officials, IDF soldiers, and others. He also toured the battefields as they occurred as a guest of the IDF. Even more to his credit, he made a stipulation of his touring the front with the IDF that IDF miltary censors not be able to review his transcripts at all until after publishing. This means that he was able to effectively write whatever he wanted.

The book itself is brilliant. Within its' 242 pages are numerous analyses of various tactical and strategic conflicts of the 1982 War. He lists grievances and events of all sides into the war and yet hesitates to make value judgements about any of them short of miltary stance. While avoidings making the book a massive judgement of the political stance of any of the fighters, he doesn't hesitate to list political factors that the combatants considered at the time of the war.

One of the greatest treasures of having toured Lebanon and the conditions there is that he was able to disprove many of the false accounts that the media of the time forwarded to the public. Being a meticulous researcher also means that he always quotes sources and provides appropriate background. For instance, the PLO (through the Lebanese newspaper "An Nahar")claimed that Israeli forces killed 17,825 civilian noncombatants killed and wounded 30,103 civilians. Mr. Gabriel analyzed all of the data available from various sources (including interviews with village mayors and other on-the-site witnesses) and came up with a more likely figure of 4,000 to 5,000 killed and 12,000 to 14,000 wounded.

If you are looking for an account of the 1982 war that objectively evaluates military actions of the combatants then Prof. Richard A. Gabriel's "Operation Peace for Galilee - The Israeli-PLO War in Lebanon" is unparallelled. I highly recommend reading this book whether you are looking for more background on the Arab-Israeli conflict, are a military historian, a wargamer, or just someone interested in knowing more about the Middle-East.

If you are looking for a politically-skewed analysis of the Arab-Israeli conflict or an overly biased account of the war, this is not your book. I say overly biased because all author have an opinion that is expressed overtly or covertly in their writing.

Richard A. Gabriel, a well-respected professor of politics at St. Anselm College, former US Army intelligence officer, and consultant to the House and Senate Armed Services Committees as well as the Pentagon, has written what is probable the most objective and well-written account of the 1982 War in Lebanon between Israeli, Syrian, Lebanese, PLO, and other forces. He has written numerous books about military actions including several books that constructively criticized the American actions in Vietnam. Several of his books have since become requred reading for courses at military academies.

Prof. Gabriel went out of his way to write an objective analysis of the combat, going so far as to interview PLO officials, IDF soldiers, and others. He also toured the battefields as they occurred as a guest of the IDF. Even more to his credit, he made a stipulation of his touring the front with the IDF that IDF miltary censors not be able to review his transcripts at all until after publishing. This means that he was able to effectively write whatever he wanted.

The book itself is brilliant. Within its' 242 pages are numerous analyses of various tactical and strategic conflicts of the 1982 War. He lists grievances and events of all sides into the war and yet hesitates to make value judgements about any of them short of miltary stance. While avoidings making the book a massive judgement of the political stance of any of the fighters, he doesn't hesitate to list political factors that the combatants considered at the time of the war.

One of the greatest treasures of having toured Lebanon and the conditions there is that he was able to disprove many of the false accounts that the media of the time forwarded to the public. Being a meticulous researcher also means that he always quotes sources and provides appropriate background. For instance, the PLO (through the Lebanese newspaper "An Nahar")claimed that Israeli forces killed 17,825 civilian noncombatants killed and wounded 30,103 civilians. Mr. Gabriel analyzed all of the data available from various sources (including interviews with village mayors and other on-the-site witnesses) and came up with a more likely figure of 4,000 to 5,000 killed and 12,000 to 14,000 wounded.

If you are looking for an account of the 1982 war that objectively evaluates military actions of the combatants then Prof. Richard A. Gabriel's "Operation Peace for Galilee - The Israeli-PLO War in Lebanon" is unparallelled. I highly recommend reading this book whether you are looking for more background on the Arab-Israeli conflict, are a military historian, a wargamer, or just someone interested in knowing more about the Middle-East.

Review by: Maximillian Ben Hanan

Books that portray an objective, fair and unbiased assessment of Israel's `Operation Peace For Galilee' are very difficult to find..

In my experience most books on this subject appear to have a hidden agenda of vilifying Israeli military involvement in Lebanon whilst casting aside the wholesale, indiscriminate cross-border terrorism of Palestinian terrorist entities that caused such an involvement in the first place. Other books appear to be dedicated to the de-humanisation of then Defence Minister, Ariel Sharon, for an alleged connection to the horrific massacres of Palestinians at the Sabra/Shatila refugee camps by Lebanese `Christian' Phalange militia.

This book is refreshing and perhaps unique in that it seeks to provide as balanced an analysis as is possible.

Richard Gabriel, Professor of Politics, only proceeded with this book on the understanding that he was able to avoid any involvement with the Israeli censors and that he was permitted to obtain a neutral publisher. The final results of Professor Gabriel's study only being seen upon publication by any interested parties at the very same time as everyone else.

Professor Gabriel was able to draw upon interviews with many journalists - Lebanese, European, British, American and Israeli. The author was also able to spend unsupervised time with `PLO suspects' detained in Israeli and Lebanon to gather the personal impressions and opinions of these prisoners in relation to their treatment and the conflict itself.

Access was also provided to numerous Palestinian Doctors and Nurses in Lebanese camps and also to many high officials in the Lebanese Government and combatants/members of the `Christian' militias, the Druse militia and the Amal Moslem milita, thus providing some `enlightening' information on the nature of the ethnic and religious hatreds prevalent within Beirut and Lebanon.

Similar access was provided to the Israeli side which also included interviews with the battalion & company commanders in the field together with the `common' soldiers who bore the brunt of the combat.

The author was provided with his own transport and able to travel throughout the Lebanese battle zones, retracing by car or on foot, all the major routes of advance taken by the major Israeli units. This included the Bekaa Valley, Damour, the outskirts of Beirut itself and the region overlooking Damascus.

The author, having access to the actual terrain of the battle sites and with some eighteen years as a former Army & Intelligence officer, was able to comment in knowledgeable context about the operations at first hand.

One is left in no doubt about the horrors of this conflict and the traumas of having to frequently fight against an enemy hiding in civilian areas, with the harrowing experience which unavoidably ensued, of seeing civilians die as a result of military actions.

The author analyses the Sabra & Shatila massacres in some detail and credits the Israeli Government for not following the path of the debatable US Government reactions in relation to the My Lai massacre in Vietnam and instead proceeding to condemn the action outright, whilst also convening an immediate tribunal of investigation.

(Might I respectfully direct those interested in Ariel Sharon & the Sabra/Shatila incident to the excellent work by Uri Dan entitled "Blood Libel". This book covers in depth the trial/court-case against Time Magazine for it's allegations against Sharon in relation to the episode. Oft ignored information is aplenty in this particular work.)

As is the nature of this book by Professor Gabriel, the main features involve the immediate context surrounding Israeli operations in Lebanon. Of necessity therefore, I suppose many aspects of the Lebanese conflict are unable to be included in any detail.

For example, the massacres at Tel az-Zataar and the Lebanese Christian towns of Damour, Aishiye, Beit Mallat and Tall Abbas. Massacres committed at these places by Palestinian militia under the control of Yasser Arafat, where it is estimated that about 100,000 Lebanese civilians were killed. I was disappointed that attention could not have been paid to important issues such as these, and also indeed to the Syrian massacre of civilians at Hama where some estimate that 30,000 or more Lebanese civilians were killed. These innocent victims still needing a voice to speak out for their plight.

All in all this is a splendid book which portrays a human aspect to both sides of the conflict sadly lacking in other books on the Lebanese conflict.

This thin volume of English translations of selected poems by Wang Wei is a real treasure. It is long out of print, so it will be necessary to look for used copies. The translations are lean and sharp, reflecting to some degree the sparse and allusive nature of the poems in the original language. I come back to this book again and again for sheer aesthetic pleasure. Some mention is made of Wang Wei as a "Buddhist poet." Personally, as a Buddhist, I do not find his poems to be "Buddhistic" but rather naturalistic. One can read Buddhism into Wang Wei's poetry, but only with some effort.

The only drawback to the volume is a physical one: like so many Penguin books, it is printed on non-archival paper which yellows quickly over time. So handle it with care. Other than that it is a lovely collection and is an excellent companion to the Barnstones' more recent collection of Wang Wei.

Of the Chinese poets, Wang Wei has a special quality of painting with words. This collection is representative of his writing and will delight those who have read Wang Wei's poems and will provide a good introduction to those searching for a remarkable poet.

This book qualifies as the best medicine against stereotypes, of which the infection is so great.. College professors cannot be fired (a lifeteime paycheck) when they do not have the knowledge, or the passion, or the desire to learn... attorneys will say that the story of their ignorance is simply defamatio... the proof? They have degrees in some other field!!! Benjamin Franklin did not even attend High School, yet, among his many pionering endeavors, there is the railroad..yes, Franklin, a railroad pioneer. George Washington did not attend West Point. Etc. So, where does Academia get its airs?

POEMS OF WANG WEI : Translated with an Introduction by G. W. Robinson. 144 pp. (Penguin Classics). Penguin Books 1973, and Reissued.

Wang Wei (+ 699-761) is one of the greatest poets in Chinese literature. During his life he experienced a number of political upheavals, and divided his time between the court and his country estate, where he drew inspiration from his beautiful natural surroundings and solitude. His poems, though deceptively simple, can conceal real depths, and, since he was a Buddhist, some exposure to Buddhist thought may be necessary to fully appreciate some of them.

The present book, after a brief 12-page Introduction, gives us over one hundred of Wang Wei's poems, lightly annotated and in adequate translations which are of varying degrees of success. Here is an example of Cooper's style at his best (with my obliques added to indicate line breaks), a short poem entitled 'Return to the Wang River' :

"Distant bell sounding at the mouth of the valley / Fewer and fewer the fishermen and woodmen / Away in the far mountains it is evening / And I am going alone towards the white clouds home / Water-chestnut flowers so delicate so hardly still / Willow catkins so light so easily fly / Colours of spring on the banks of the marsh to the east / And I am melancholy as I shut my door" (p.63).

The book, which also includes a brief Bibliography and finding numbers for all the poems, would make a useful introduction for anyone new to Wang Wei. But if, after reading it, you'd really like to discover what lies behind Wang Wei's seeming simplicity, and learn something of how his poetry works, you might take a look at the excellent bilingual anthology by Wai-lim Yip which contains a detailed treatment of a number of his poems. Details are as follows :

CHINESE POETRY : An Anthology of Major Modes and Genres. Edited and translated by Wai-lim Yip. 358 pp. Durham NC and London : Duke University Press, 1997. ISBN 0-8223-1951-9 (pbk.)