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It wouldn't have been fair to review the husbands poetry (Lifespeak) without reviewing the wife's collection. Together they make a witty, fun-loving couple. Love Lingers was sensuous without being ridiculous and the poems were short enough for my attention span and kept me from not losing the meaning before the poem was over. Her language and use of words catches you by surprise and makes you realize that poetry really doesn't have to rhyme. I recommend this.

spokenwordwoman

"Like a fine wine that gets better with age so does the spicy poetry of Love Lingers. With each succulent turn of the page the reader is held captive by the words and by the possibilities."

T.C. Matthews, Prolific Writers Network...

Love Lingers is one of the tastiest poetry collections I've read in a long time. Dominique's verbal concoctions leave you wondering how in the world she came up with these images but so thankful that she did. My favorite lines include "I'm not naked, I'm in Love", and "Walked me like a mangy mutt". Grosvenor takes us head-first (or should we say heart-first)into the good, the bad, and the ugly and shows us that in life and love...it's all poetry. Dom is truly a writer's inspiration and a reader's dream. Love Lingers and so does Dom's poetry.

I absolutely love this collection of poetry by Linda Dominique Grosvenor. I've read the collection, countless times. Often I'd skip around to various selections according to how I'd felt or what was going on in my life. The book opens up with a quote from Nikki Giovanni stating that "we love because it's the only true adventure." Well, this collection for me is also like an adventure. It greets you at the door with a "Kiss" and then sends you through 109 different experiences. One poem after the other, daring you to inhale each thought, each word and feel beyond the obvious.

I have a few favorites. "Breasts" for some reason makes me imagine my lady, looking into the mirror, topless and perhaps noticing me spying her reflection. I gave the poem called "Chocolate" to her and told her that she needed to read that one and think about me. She laughed. It's also one of my favorites though. Other favorites are "Showering,"
"Honeymoon," "Kid," which got a quick laugh out of me, "King,"
"Truth," and "Yesterday." Actually, I could go on and on... My favorites in this collection truly depend on what's happening in my life.

I'd just like to thank Linda Dominique Grosvenor for creating such an insightful collection of poetry. One can tell that she is definitely in tuned and forever in touch with what Love is truly about. This book will forever remain displayed on my coffee table so others can peep it out. I think I better get a second copy, just in case...

When I began reading "Love Lingers" I was immediately drawn to page 101 a poem titled "Misunderstood." After reading this poem I knew Dom and I had walked the same paths once. "Assume" was also a favorite because out of all my loves this particular person assumed all the wrong things about me and lost the chance at the greatest love of all time.

Love Lingers is raw and filled with the random thoughts of love told by Linda Dominique Grosvenor. I am not sure when she felt in her heart to express her thoughts through paper and pen but we are blessed that she has.

I went directly to Amazon and purchased this cookbook after borrowing it from a co-worker. It's a terrific find using modern-day, healthy products, such as egg substitutes and yogurt. All the recipes I've tried are especially yummy, and even better, provide guilt free eating! Pork Chops and Applesauce: A Collection of Recipes and Reflections

This is the best cook book that I have ever used. I am just amazed; I can cook healthy with food that I actually use on a daily basis. Usually when I try and cook a healthy meal for my family, I have to go to a health food store, like Trader Joes, just to find the ingredients.

Bought our copy years ago, and now buying one for our daughter who also loves the recipes. It uses actual brand name ingredients, so it's easier to follow the recipe. One of my favorites is the BAKED cordon bleu, which has also become a favorite of my younger daughter. We've got it tabbed,since we use it so much. At this cost, certainly worth it, and its gold/silver edged pages and hardcover make it an excellent gift for many occasions.

I borrowed a copy of this from my secretary and then had to get my own copy. The food is so good, you don't realize that you're eating healthy! I have yet to find a recipe that hasn't turned out to be very delicious in the book. I highly recommend it.

This is a great cook book. There are so many wonderful dishes to choose from. It is a must have.

I have just stumble on to the writings of Ms Neel. First, this book provides a view into the old traditions in Tibet that are not buddhist in nature but rather part of the old culture of Tibet. It provides a perspective on the old traditions versus the true practice of buddhism. The author takes a very knowledgeable approach to the pactice of magic and devination which is sometimes confused with the main line practice of buddhism. The author also explains in great detail some of the main practices of buddhism and includes a detail 3 fold explanation of "om mani padme hum". I was amazed that someone who was a very nice looking women who also perfomed opera and had many other accomplishments would put all that aside during the time period and travel to Tibet and learn all the languages in order to develop the insight that is present in her works. This book provides an excellent backdrop for the study and practice of buddhism.

Also, the practice in the monasteries in Tibet is illuminated. The point of the Theocracy vs true buddhism is brought out with the exposure of the sham and material based approach of those who are in the business of Buddhism versus those who are in practice of the middle way. The presentation is suttle but none the less obvious. Those following the middle way should read this book in order not to get caught in the web of Theocracy.

I first came across this book in 1973, in an Abakwa bookstore that carried occult titles and it made a powerful impression on me, lighting a lifelong interest in matters Tibetan and Buddhist as well as instilling the idea of a lifelong spiritual quest. I assumed then that the author was still alive, because the dust jacket wrote of her in the present tense. I was not wildly off mark, because she had died only four years before. She was the real deal and saw the magical land of Tibet first hand before the Chinese invasion. Moreover, she was recognized and valorized posthumously by the Dalai Lama.

This book present an excellent overview of Tibetan spirituality and the various practices that occur within that spirituality. Perhaps what I liked the best was that the author seemed to avoid incorporating Western cultural biases into her description. Indeed she seemed very intent on describing the practices in an accurate manner.

I was able to take her description of tumo and actually incorporate it into my daily practice. I've also used her chod ritual.

This is information you will find nowhere else. A fascinating book
on the mysterious world of Tibet at the beginning of the last century.

While many books about Buddhism and other historically eastern religions focus on high theology, the book describes Tibetan Buddhism as it was practiced in the early 20th century. It is fascinating.

I first read this book in college and have just read it again after many years. It was better the second time around.

The first time, I was entranced by the accounts of exotic magic and mystery. This time I searched for themes and Ms. David-Neel's viewpoint. Dealing with death is the primary theme underlying at least the popular practice of this religion. As for Ms. David-Neel, I was interested in her viewpoint and experience as a Buddhist who did not find the Tibetan version to be her paricular brand. Because of her distance from this version of Buddhism, her accounts of events that she saw or experienced personally are particularly interesting.

This book is a must have for any candle worker, the book offers different kinds of candles to use, planning, planetary hrs and moon phases and color symbolism everything is in this book to cast accurate candle magic. I have used this book for years and have yet to go wrong.

Even if you have knowledge or a beginner of the art of candle magic this book will give you the necessary information. It goes through the types of candles, colors, figural, moon phases, planetary hours and some other vital information. My only drawback of this book is that although it provides all the information to burning your candles, it does not explain how to read divinational signs. The skill of preparing and lighting the candles are explained in detail. One important part is the end result. It's important to know if the work was successful or failed. The way a candle burns can give you an indication if things are going to happen slowly or quickly, good or bad. As well as how the flames burn, if the glass encased candle is clear or black. I am now searching for a book that can give me this other piece of information in greater detail. Overall, this is one of the best books to own in your pursuit to mastering candle magic.

This booklet is a good introduction to working various candles and lights. I would suggest that someone interested in burining candles pick this up and give it a read before they buy another book. I would also say that this book is a good companion to "The master book of candle burning" by Henri Gamache.
There are some helpful illustrations and diagrams for the first time candle lighter. This book is worth having.

This is a 62 page book filled with a treasure of valueable candle burning techniques. There are some basic drawings and charts, details of different types of candles, days and colors, a few magical seals, zodiacal information and more. The cover is also well done showing many types of the 7-day variety candles available on the market today.

This book is wonderfull for those who are just starting to learn candle work. I highly reccomend it to anyone who works candles.

"This major survey of mathematics, featuring the work of 18 outstanding Russian mathematicians and INCLUDING MATERIAL ON BOTH ELEMENTARY AND ADVANCED LEVELS,....."
[from the book of the back cover]

This book gives a nice overview of the various fields of mathematics (no pun intended ;-)). Famous Russian authors have pooled their talents to come up with a book that summarizes the majority of the mathematics available the time. It's basically a dictionary for mathematicians! Covers topics from number theory, calculus, analysis, topology and even higher up subjects such as functional analysis and differential geometry. There are interesting theorems, and examples throughout.

This is a huge brick of a book. As other reviewers have pointed out, it is comprised of three volumes on pretty much all undergraduate math, bound into one. Other reviewers have correctly pointed out that the material is exhaustive, and although one or two chapters are a bit dated, reading this work and studying it carefully is a very rewarding endeavour. I am a social scientist, and studying this book in depth has made me conversational in pretty much all the math an engineer would be expected to know at the end of his undergraduate studies. This is to stress that although this book is accessible to the motivated amateur, the knowledge you can gain from it with dilligent study carries quite a bit of weight.

Although I think the content of a book is more important than its physical composition, I would like to point a few things out because they have not been mentioned by other reviewers and may be useful if you are considering buying this edition, or the separate three volumes.
Like I said, it's quite a tome, and not something you can easily carry around in a backpack on a day to day basis. In this sense, or if you are only interested in particular topics, you are better off buying one or all of the separate three volumes.
However, note that this edition has an index which covers ALL three volumes, which makes looking things up and using this book as a reference text very useful.

I know keep this book handy, precisely to use as a reference texte. The index makes it easy to find what I am looking for, and the treatment of the topic always strikes a nice balance between being accessible and yet in enough depth to have practical value.

Dover has released all three volumes of the original in an affordable single volume paperback.

Although the book is necessarily uninformed by developments since the 1960s, it is a solid and challenging introduction to mathematics useful to the motivated high-school student.

It is consciously informed by a Marxist philosophy of mathematics which may be unfamiliar to some readers. The authors believe that mathematics is less about an ideal world of forms and more emergent from daily work. For this reason they reference their examples to practical examples of the sort popular in the Soviet Union in the 1960s taken from heavy industry.

The section on computer technology, of course is useful primarily to the antiquarian.

Because the authors are not excessively formal in the Western mode the student has to do extra work to derive results they illustrate with physical metaphors in some cases.

There's also a certain motivation here to sing the praises of Russian mathematicians which is fortunately subordinated to the truth. As such, the book is a document from a period when Russia's greatness was based on its prowess in science and mathematics, prowess based on a universal availability of public education. This resource has been sold to Western investors for pennies on the dollar with no plan to reproduce it for the next generation, which is rather sad.

This books is an amazing summary of almost all undergraduate math. It is definitely a mathematical masterpiece of all time, written by some of the most prominent mathematicians of all time.

This book contains a lot of Buddism and Buddist dogma. There's nothing wrong with that, if you're interested in Buddism. However, as a book on MEDITATION, I expected to learn about meditation, not Buddism. The subtitle, "A Step-by-step Manual for Buddist Meditation", is more accurate. However, once again, there's little actual information about meditation techniques, and much more about how to meditate from the Buddist perspective. Meaning, that the focus is on the philosophy and not techniques. For instance...

The section entitled, "How to meditate", is 4 pages long. The majority of the book (just over 80 pages!) concerns the "Twenty-one Meditations", which are things to meditate ON - essentially ideas - which are presented as a sequential process of meditative enlightenment. Thus, if you want to learn HOW to meditate, I cannot recommend that you purchase this book.

This book helps us Western people to focus on the important things while meditating. In a very clear and easy speach it explains us step by step how we get a clear view beyond all our daily activities through to what really makes our life as human beings so very precious. I can recommend this book to anyone trying to approach meditation or trying to get further into meditating on a regular basis.

The Lamrim is the "Graduated Path to Enlightenment." It is a total map of the Buddhist Path. And it is distilled, without any loss of flavor or potency, into these 21 meditations. I
completed these meditations in 1997. I made more progress than
I ever had in any spiritual or psychological program. So I naturally started to do the meditations for a second 21-days.
I treated my family as myself or better. I felt that life had meaning. I felt part of you, the reader of this review, as well.
That there was a connection to everything else. Then my brother
asked me what program I was doing. I told him that it was the
Lamrim meditations of Geshe Kelsang Gyatso. He told me that the
Dali Lama was angry at him for worshipping a protector deity named Dorje Shugden. So I quit. Until now. I did a one month exhaustive investigation of this affair. I have found Geshe Kelsang Gyatso blameless. And the Dali Lama was trying to keep his country intact because a book titled "The Yellow Book" was
dividing it. This book portrayed Dorje Shugden as a hero entity that was protecting Tibet and driving away the Nyingma influences. I am back. And this book is the best. It may not be the best for you. But it is the best for me. The 21 meditations are a concise psychological map for mental health. I have known lamas and swamis who are quite mean-spirited. But how
can you be mean if you are meditating on love? The mind takes the form of whatever it is paying attention to. After you have this book, you will see that the first meditation involves meditating on your Spiritual Guide. Don't be frightened. You can meditate on Geshe Kelsang Gyatso. Or you can meditate on the Dali Lama.
Pick one of them as your Spititual Guide if you don't have a teacher of somekind. The next problem that you might encounter is the meditation on Tranquil Abiding. I just called The NKT
Center in Los Angeles to get an answer. You can achieve tranquil abiding (the ninth stage) at home and in the evenings.
Students have done so. This book is such a tremendous achievement. You will have such great joy. I am sorry that I quit. And I wish you the very best of happiness.

This book is essential for anyone who wishes to quiet his or her mind, reduce stress, and cutivate a peaceful frame of mind. Easy to read, written in plain English, this book provides you with evrything you need to know and is presented to you in a way you can quickly absorb and use immediatly. I LOVE THIS BOOK!

This is a very short introduction to Tibetan Buddhist meditation by a very credible author. This is complicated territory and this book illuminates the path, especially for Westerners.

As a new believer, I found Stott's book to be a treasure. His elaboration of Jesus' basic teachings in the Sermon
on the Mount of how He wanted his disciples (then and now) to think and act was very illuminating. Stott's choice of the term "counter-culture" for this manifesto seems very fitting since the details of the Sermon show
how the believer's way is so at odds with the ways of the secular world. Stott writes with voice that is insightful
and inspired. This is the first book of his that I have read and studied. It will certainly not be the last!

I bought this on the advice of Jim Rosscup's book, Commentaries for Biblical Expositors. He is absolutrely correct in his assessment. This book is right up there with D. Martyn Lloyd Jones' works on the Sermon on the Mount. Very thought provoking. Well worth the money and the time to read! If I had only one book to buy on the subject, This would be the one.

I'm not quite sure I've read such an in-depth study book as this one, let alone on the Sermon on the Mount. Stott writes with such vigor and authority that left me feeling he knew exactly what he was talking about, and it helped to put the perspective of the Sermon into more realistic, less difficult terms.
It made the Sermon a message that was new, even though we've all heard it before. Stott makes it seem that he wants all his readers to forget what we've learned about the Sermon, and read it and hear it as if for the very first time.
Though I'm not too big on Bible study books, and I looked around quite a bit before finding this one, Stott's study definitely helped me to look at Jesus' Sermon on the Mount with a fresh and energetic perspective.

John R. W. Stott, The Message of the Sermon on the Mount. Christian Counter-Culture. Leicester/England and Downers Grove, Illinois: InterVarsity Press. First edition 1978; regularly reprinted in this format since 1984. 238 pages.

Although this book is, in the meantime, almost 30 years old, it remains as timeless as the Bible chapters on which it is commenting - and as a reminder of what a tremendous gift John Stott has been to the church in his role as teacher and author. His "Message of the Sermon on the Mount" has a number of characteristics which make it more or less ideal as a guide through three of the New Testament's most fascinating, but also most difficult chapters. The first of these characteristics is its intellectual plausibility and good sense: Stott nowhere speculates, never goes off at a tangent, but always gives a thorough, intelligent, well thought-out explanation of the text that takes account of opposing views but counters these with irrefutable arguments. The second characteristic is its theological orthodoxy, coupled however with broadness of scope, awareness of other positions and honesty in the face of difficulties. Stott is never dogmatically narrow-minded, but always loyal not only to the ipsa verba, but to the very spirit of the Biblical text - something that should warm every Christian's heart. A third characteristic is Stott's familiarity with the literature and his adeptness in providing apt quotes at just the right moment. And he does not limit himself here to other commentaries or to parallel Bible verses; there is a liberal sprinkling of pithy comment from Augustine and Chrysostom from the early church period, from the great reformers Luther and Calvin, and from more modern theologians and thinkers of various schools, e. g. Joachim Jeremias, Dietrich Bonhoeffer, A. B. Bruce, Alfred Plummer, even C. S. Lewis. And of course, Stott has read and digested Dr. D. Martyn Lloyd-Jones's massive volume of sermons on Matthew 5 thru 7 Studies in the Sermon on the Mount. A fourth characteristic would be Stott's balance between the more "evangelistic" type of approach and the social aspects of the Christian faith. And a fifth characteristic would be his insistence on the supremacy and sovereignty of Jesus Christ as the Son of God and only Saviour.

If you are looking for a book of "manageable" size on the Sermon on the Mount, and assuming you require a volume which is really faithful to the words of the text, you could do no better than turn to Stott's classic exposition. This is one of the absolute highlights of the "The Bible Speaks Today" series (which, in itself, has proved, in my opinion, rather uneven).

I am preaching through the beatitudes right now, and next year, I plan on preaching through the rest of the Sermon on the Mount. I already had all the heavy duty technical books on this section of the Bible. So I really needed a book where the writer explained the text in a way that people could understand it.

Stott's book fills that void. He masterfully explains and applies the text to life, and he always gives you something to chew on in digestible form. In addition to owning one or two technical commentaries on Matthew, I recommend picking up this little book if you are preaching or studying Matthew 5-7.

Rev. Marc Axelrod

My grandparents got this for me before I left to study abroad in Paris for a few months. It didn't take me long to realize how useful it is. I literally didn't leave home without it! It had everything I needed and was small enough to fit in a purse, but not so small that it was difficult to read. The metro map in particular was accessible and very, very helpful. Highly recommended to anyone going to Paris, whether it's for a few days or a few years.

This book (mine is spiral bound, but the one here does not look it) is very useful to the traveler. The maps are very clear, in full color, and easy to understand. My only complaint is that when you are looking at a page, if you want to view the continuation of that page, there is no reference to what page to view next. There is a small diagram showing what section the page highlights, but I do not find that quite as clear. But overall, a good, portable map of Paris for visitors.

I spent the fall semester of 2003 studying in Paris. I'm a type A so I was really prepared before leaving -- I'd done a ton of research and I couldn't imagine arriving in Paris without a map. So I headed down to my local bookstore to buy one. I happened to come accross this Michelin map and it was perfect!!

It has ring binding so it's really easy to keep open without creasing the pages. It's also broken down by arrondissement and in the back is a road index. All of the metro stops and even taxi stops (a God send at times) are marked down!! And in the inside cover you find a map of the Paris Metro system. It's also really really thin and can easily be taken wherever you go.

I really couldn't have down without this Paris Pocket Atlas!

My friends all purchased their maps in Paris (Paris Pratique). Trust me though this one is far better and more convenient!!!

I loved it!!

I bought this map for my trip to Paris. It is such a great map. Very readable and so well organized. Having a map in a booklet format like this is indispensable.

This pocket Atlas of Paris is a book/map that truly amazes me. I bought it based on the reviews here, and I am still awed by it. The navigation of the pages is well-done and user-friendly. You can quickly lookup and flip to the right neighborhood you need. The level of detail is amazing. Even pedestrian-only shopping arcades are there. The metro stations are easy to find and use. With this spiral atlas and a mini-compass velcro-strapped to your watchband, you will never be lost in the maze of Paris. Key sights and monuments are labeled and drawn in brown (with the correct building geometries!). Wanna change plans on the fly and zip from one neighborhood to another? no problem. You will spend less time looking for sights and more time touring. We even used the one-way street detail of the atlas to pre-plan our drive thru the hustle of Paris traffic; Zipping around the Place de Madeline and Champs Elysees was a real rush and treasured memory. The whizzing by of passing scooters made me feel like I was an X-wing in a Tie-fighter dogfight. I wish I could have a guide like this for every city we tour.

This is a phenomenal resource for the Mikado. The piano reduction is imminently playable, and the libretto includes the spoken dialogue between each of the vocal selections. The chorus parts are included, so this little score is the whole show in a complete package, with the exception of not being scored for the orchestra. Unless a person would want to alter some script, or lyrics (such as is commonly done in certain songs, i.e. I've Got a Little List) This Dover Vocal Score ranks right up there with the Stratford Video Production from 1982 - which is one of the best productions of this Gilbert and Sullivan classic.

This well-priced score is a great edition for student productions because it's legible and affordable!

Well, I don't know if it is perfect or not. However, it does have bar numbers, which is more than can be said for most of the vocal editions out there. AND they match the published full scores.

When you are rehearsing or doing any type of serious work with the music, being able to reference bar numbers is invariable. "Second bar of third system on page #148", just doesn't cut it.

Great for learning both dialogue and vocal score for anyone who is taking part in this production or who is just considering auditioning.

Being a serious fan of Gilbert and Sullivan's work and a performer in several of their collaborations, this is a wonderful score. It has every piece of dialogue, every song, and a great cover. If you are ever going to be in a production of 'The Mikado', buy this score!

First, Kropotkin discusses mutual aid among animals. His first point is that Darwin had nothing to do with Social Darwinianism. In fact, he quotes Darwin as saying, "Those communities which included the greatest number of the sympathetic members would flourish best, and rear the greatest number of offspring."

He gives numerous examples. One of his examples is about the crested screamer, a bird species which holds massive song recitals. Would Lorenz agree that those birds are chirping merrily? Or would he insist that they are marking their territory?

Next, he discusses mutual aid among savages. Note that he uses a word which is scientifically unacceptable today.

Since K. cannot travel back in time, he surmises how our earliest ancestors lived by observing how isolated tribes today live--which is in clans. Although such tribes are still called "primitive," there is some question of whether or not these tribes live like our prehistoric ancestors did.

Since isolated tribes tend to live in clans, Kropotkin claims that the marital bond is not as strong as in the nuclear family system. In the appendix, he debates Westermarck on this matter.

Next, he discusses mutual aid among barbarians--another taboo word. According to K., there was a wave of migrations in ancient Europe, in which "races were mixing with races." The social institutions seemed to be wrecked as a result, but K. assures us that they instead "underwent the modification which was required by the new conditions of life."

Next, he discusses mutual aid in the medieval city. Now we are up to the Tenth and Eleventh Centuries. Our next institution, then, is the professional guild.

Finally, he discusses mutual aid among ourselves. He sees a faint vestige of mutual aid today. K. sees the union as the successor of the clan, the village, and the guild, so he calls for more and better unions. K. also speaks highly of organizations with special interests, such as garden clubs and glee clubs.

However, K. cautions us against the "reckless individualism," or "the war of each against all," which he sees as prevailing today.

Kropotkin's discussion, persuasive as it is, can be counterbalanced with arguments in favor of individualism and competition. I wonder how Kropotkin would respond to the famous anecdote about the Jamestown colonists.

One can also question Kropotkin's claim that only the most sociable animal species prosper. The feline order is renowned for the aloofness of its members, and the lion has been dubbed "the king of the beasts."

I would like to close this report with an ad hominem attack against Kropotkin himself: If individualism is so reprehensible, what is he doing writing a book by himself and claiming credit for it by himself?

Anarchist classic, rooted in observation of natural phenomena and history. Challenges the conception that capitalism is a natural progression of Darwinism at work in the wild. The author cites numerous examples of compassion and innate goodness at work outside the bounds of a structured power-based society. The study covers cooperation among animals, instances of non-hierachical interactions from primitive tribes to mediaeval cities, and on to his contemporary labor unions. It has been some years since I read it and I plan to revisit this title soon.

This book, which appears to be about the only surviving scientific text from Kropotkin's work, is very interesting and insightful. The first two chapters which deal with animals I found most interesting, because they address the roots of the falsehood of social-darwinism. Kropotkin then proceeds to move through the different stages of human society and describes the mutual aid a compassion fetures therein. It is a fantastic book and I highly recommend it. It is a scientific text, but it has major political implications and is very accessible.

Este libro es uno de los pilares fundamentales de la teoria del anarco comunismo tan desvirtuada por el imperialismo, y nos da la esencia que el anarquismo, lejos de lo que se cree comunmente es una doctrina que se basa en el amor y la ayuda mutua, quitando las barreras de desigualdad entre las personas y haciendo un recuento de cómo la ayuda mutua es un factor de evolución hcia una sociedad más justa.

Peter Kropotkin is one of the most noteworthy anarchist thinkers over the last two centuries. As with other political thinkers, so, too, with Kropotkin--his analy¬sis of human nature is critical for understanding his overall philosophical position. For his view of human nature, "Mutual Aid" is a key for understanding his views. His work is a harbinger of more recent studies of sociobiology, many of which explore the roots of altruism--human and otherwise.

Much of his thinking on the nature of society was formed when he was observing the behavior of animals in Siberia. While assigned to a Siberian regiment of the Russian military, Kropotkin did innovative original work on geography and geology as well as the study of animal behavior. His observation of animals led him to respond to Huxley's assertion that natural selection was based on keen com¬petition among animals with the following statement: ". . .wherever I saw animal life in abundance, as, for instance, on the lakes where scores of species and millions of individuals came together to rear their progeny; in the colonies of rodents; in the migration of birds which took place at that time on a truly American scale along the Usuri; and especially in a migration of fallow-deer which I witnessed on the Amur, and during which scores of thousands of these animals came together from an immense territory, flying before the coming snow, in order to cross the Amur where it is narrowest--in all these scenes of animal life which passed before my eyes, I saw Mutual Aid and Mutual Support carried on to an extent which made me suspect in it a feature of the greatest importance for the maintenance of life, the preservation of each species, and its further evolution."

He synthesized his observations of animals within a species cooperating with one another and concluded that, in the struggle for life, cooperation was at least as important as competition. Kropotkin did not argue that competition was unimportant in the natural selection process. However, he did emphasize that mutual aid was a factor that many Darwinists (although, as Kropotkin made clear, not Darwin himself) ignored. The data that Kropotkin utilized came from many different animal species.

Kropotkin goes on to speculate about the survival value of cooperative behavior. He states that: "Life in societies enables the feeblest insects, the feeblest birds, and the feeblest mammals to resist, or to protect themselves from, the most terrible birds and beasts of prey; it permits longevity; in enables the species to rear its progeny with the least waste of energy and to maintain its progeny with the least waste of energy and to maintain its numbers albeit a very slow birth rate; it enables the gregarious animals to migrate in search of new abodes. Furthermore, cooperation facilitates the development of intelligence, since that quality is so important for social life among animals."

Kropotkin is not content to rest his case at this point. He subsequently indicates the likely course of human evolution and the role played by cooperation. He adopts the method of using existing societies at differing levels of socio-cultural complexity to speculate about the course of human socio-cultural evolution. Kropotkin argues that, at each stage, mutual aid is apparent and important for humans. Even in the period dominated by the great states, the present for Kropotkin, mutual aid institutions still flourished despite the state's intimidating presence.

Thus, Kropotkin's view of human nature is, ultimately, that it is inherently good, i.e. cooperative toward his or her fellow. What of this assertion? Is Kropotkin's view of human nature completely inaccurate and confounded by the available evidence? That is where each reader must evaluate his or her view of humanity's nature and render a judgment on "the anarchist prince."