North America Books

Totally portable, accurate and inexpensive. I would not venture out in Manhattan without this booklet in my bag.

I bought this book a little over a year ago and have used it for several business trips. It is small and easy to carry, doesn't look touristy, and gives me a lot of confidence getting around Manhattan. The best $ I ever spent. You know how some people just seem to "know" New York even though they don't live there? Well, that's me now.

Certainly veteran New Yorkers will snicker that they don't need "Fodor's Flashmaps New York" to get around town. And they may very well be right. However, as a New Yorker with many international friends I field countless queries about what to do in New York City when you get here. Let's be honest...the Big Apple is gigantic. And no matter how well versed you are about New York City...things change so quickly in this town that it is smart to have this tidy little book around just in case you happen to suffer from brainlock.

And then of course sometimes friends ask for help for things for the kids or for their young teens. Moreover, some queries are specifically for daylight hours, nightlife, weekend activities or happenings in boroughs outside of Manhattan. This text can help. Additionally, Fodor's includes essential telephone numbers for hotels, places of worship, ballparks, schools and universities, airports, transportation, museums, art galleries, parks, shopping, dining, theaters, movies, libraries, consulates, hospitals and hip nightlife activities. Fodor's even provides zip codes but no e-mail addresses.

This book is a great tool. It's small and can easily slip into the inside of your sports coat or if you have a normal size purse, just pop it in and you're set. Or better yet...carry it around in your back pocket (it fits). There are 61 maps and thousands of listings. It will help you walk around, take buses, ride the subways or take railways into the suburbs. In my opinion it clearly is worth the investment for metropolitans or for anyone who wants to visit New York City. One thing is for sure...it will save you plenty of time, and as everyone knows...time is an important commodity.

Bert Ruiz

I donýt know how the conversation started, but I was at the Union Square store of a major competitor of Amazon, letýs just call it FarmStructures & Nobel Booksellers, and the security guard told me that he had relied on this book as a native New Yorker for years. So I bought it.

And now *I* have relied on it for years.

Whether you are looking for where the ýDý train crosses the ý7ý or where exactly Cornelia Street is anyway, this book is excellent. Museums, movie theaters, road maps and highways are all here. The shopping and restaurants sections are good for out-of-towners looking for the classics, less useful for New Yorkers looking for the next new thing, obviously.

Itýs small, convenient, and well-drafted (the maps themselves are different colors so you can readily find what youýre looking for as you flip through ý yellow is street /subway; pink is daytime attractions; black/blue for nighttime attractions). All in all, anybody living in or visiting New York frequently would find this useful. If you are a one-time tourist, though, youýre probably better off going with something more comprehensive like Lonely Planet.

Enjoy!

I highly recommend that when you visit NYC you carry a copy of Flashmaps with you. It's a convenient subway and bus map, shows you all the neighborhoods, museums, post offices, etc. But the thing I use the most is the cross street lookup, which I relied on not just while new in NYC but also as a long-time resident.
I discovered the NYC Flashmaps many years ago when I asked a limo driver exactly where a business address was. He pulled out his Flashmaps, turned to the cross street page and told me the exact cross street in well... a flash. He told me no professional driver and no New Yorker should be without it. I bought my first copy that day and have been telling residents and vistors alike for years.

As a book of quotes designed to inspire, this well-designed and user friendly text offers a practical yet unique approach to any challenge life offers. The author's Native American world view enriches by overlaying traditional thought onto contemporary life.

These inspirational messages cover everything from of personal concerns such as love, family, creativity, fear, death to the broader social and political matters. Carefully avoiding the familiar "New Agism" often found with American Indian philosophical treatment, the book also provides some never before expressed views of Indian issues that demystify while clarifying.

In putting the text into four categories that represent each the sacred aspects of the hoop -- generosity, fortitude, bravery and wisdom -- the editor brings us a truth teacher who does not dance around serious matters, let alone wolves.

Rather, he enables us to find our place within these aspects at any given time, and go out into the world with a different, and refreshing perspective.

As a book of quotes designed to inspire, this well-designed and user friendly text offers a practical yet unique approach to any challenge life offers. The author's Native American world view enriches by overlaying traditional thought onto contemporary life.

These inspirational messages cover everything from of personal concerns such as love, family, creativity, fear, death to the broader social and political matters. Carefully avoiding the familiar "New Agism" often found with American Indian philosophical treatment, the book also provides some never before expressed views of Indian issues that demystify while clarifying.

In putting the text into four categories that represent each the sacred aspects of the hoop -- generosity, fortitude, bravery and wisdom -- the editor brings us a truth teacher who does not dance around serious matters, let alone wolves.

Rather, he enables us to find our place within these aspects at any given time, and go out into the world with a different, and refreshing perspective.

As a book of quotes designed to inspire, this well-designed and user friendly text offers a practical yet unique approach to any challenge life offers. The author's Native American world view enriches by overlaying traditional thought onto contemporary life.

These inspirational messages cover everything from of personal concerns such as love, family, creativity, fear, death to the broader social and political matters. Carefully avoiding the familiar "New Agism" often found with American Indian philosophical treatment, the book also provides some never before expressed views of Indian issues that demystify while clarifying.

In putting the text into four categories that represent each the sacred aspects of the hoop -- generosity, fortitude, bravery and wisdom -- the editor brings us a truth teacher who does not dance around serious matters, let alone wolves.

Rather, he enables us to find our place within these aspects at any given time, and go out into the world with a different, and refreshing perspective.

As a book of quotes designed to inspire, this well-designed and user friendly text offers a practical yet unique approach to any challenge life offers. The author's Native American world view enriches by overlaying traditional thought onto contemporary life.

These inspirational messages cover everything from of personal concerns such as love, family, creativity, fear, death to the broader social and political matters. Carefully avoiding the familiar "New Agism" often found with American Indian philosophical treatment, the book also provides some never before expressed views of Indian issues that demystify while clarifying.

In putting the text into four categories that represent each the sacred aspects of the hoop -- generosity, fortitude, bravery and wisdom -- the editor brings us a truth teacher who does not dance around serious matters, let alone wolves.

Rather, he enables us to find our place within these aspects at any given time, and go out into the world with a different, and refreshing perspective.

This inspiring book offers a uique approach to any and all of life's challenges by overlaying the author's Native American world view onto contemporary life concerns. Written in the format of quotes taken from a series of talks, this makes a handsome gift that can be opened and enjoyed quickly.

Organized in four general categories (each covering an aspect of the sacred hoop; bravery, fortitude, wisdom and generosity) each chapter within offers hope for such personal concerns as love, family, creativity, fear, death...to name a few.

Broader social and political matters are also covered, especially as Little Crow demystifies and clarifies current American Indian issues with a refreshing avoidance of trendy "New Agism".

The editor has brought us a truth teacher who does not dance around serious matters, let alone wolves. Rather, he enables us to find our place at any moment, and thus we are encouraged to go about our lives with a new and optimistic perspective.

A compelling storyline full of facinating bits and pieces about North Carolina's coastal heritage. It's a must read for NC fishermen.

This is a very well researched book about the history of charter fishing off Hatteras Island. The author combines archive research with annecdotes collected from his repeated trips to the island. The reader also has a feeling of sadness as the author's wife slowly succumbs to MS while he is doing his research.

Well worth the time to read.

HATTERAS BLUES: A STORY FROM THE EDGE OF AMERICA is part biography and part regional history: it uses the experiences of one long-time fisherman on North Carolina's outer banks to reveal the issues of a fading industry and the development of Hatteras Village in the heart of Hurricane Alley. Tom Carlson's involvement with his subject leads him to the heart of a family and a town's struggles and faith in a warm first-person survey which at times reads with the quiet drama of fiction.

Diane C. Donovan
California Bookwatch

Great book. I love to hear the stories of the people in this book, of course the fishing is always good. The weather and the constant movement of the cape was and is totally intriguing.

I have been visiting the North Carolina outer banks since 1970. I did not think anyone had as much love or reverence of this special place as I, but I was wrong. Tom Carlson in Hatteras Blues has established himself as a true devotee of these narrow islands off the Carolina coast. He captures the lure of isolated and wind-worn beaches and ever-changing off shore waters where fishermen (and women) from the smallest North Carolina towns to the largest international cities have searched for prize bill fish, bull drum, cobia and a host of other species for several decades. The reader is absorbed in the story of the Fosters and others who fought the harshness of life on the outer banks to create a thriving charter fishing industry that today is being challenged by corporations and those uncaring of the outerbanks special culture. Carlson is a waterman by birth and a "Banker" by choice. Hatteras Blues is a heartfelt story of great loss, love, spirit, transformation and hope set in one of the most magical places on planet Earth. Rates with Hemingway's The Old Man and the Sea for bringing to life the conflicts, the turmoil and the serenity of what it means to be a part of the sea and the coast. Highly recommended.

Keepers Of The Children: Native American Wisdom And Parenting by Laura M. Ramirez (whose husband is a Pascua Yaqui Native American recently inducted into the American Indian Hall of Fame for his successful career in baseball), is the first "how to" parenting book that draws upon Native American concepts and teaching stories to show just how to raise children to know themselves and their strengths, as well as creative for themselves productive and meaningful lives. Of special value for Native American parents, Keepers Of The Children is informed and informative reading that can confidently be recommended to the attention of any parent, regardless of ethnicity or racial background, wanting to instill enduring family values into the character and lives of their children in our multicultural world.

There are many books on the market that give advice on parenting, but Keepers of the Children is much more than that. It is a book that expresses a living wisdom meant for nurturing the soul of every human being, child or adult. Laura Ramirez writes words that are like a flowing river. They move through us and impart a remembrance of who we really are and why we are here - to see the wondrous potential in one another, and to help bring that seedling to healthy growth and full bloom. In the process, she reminds parents that we are entrusted with a sacred mission, and in that we do not impose what we believe our children should be, but learn to listen and see the clues they provide to help us guide them to their own highest and best good. As we do this, we are given the opportunity to observe ourselves and grow with the children.

The chapters within the book are full and satisfying.(read them on Amazon's look inside the book). You can see from the headings alone that this is more than a "how to" book. It is full and rich in texture and content. I highly recommend Keepers of the Children to all parents, grandparents, relatives, teachers, and caregivers. This is a book about living a worthwhile life, and the wisdom within is relevant for all of us.

In her book Keepers of the Children, Laura Ramirez has combined her expertise in child development with her understanding of Native American perceptions and the customs and rituals that have grown from them to produce an analysis of the art and science of successful parenting that's both comprehensive and highly original.

This is much more than a 'training manual' for the aspiring parent. It's a deeply spiritual book that explores important issues of human nature and development that transcend both Native American and 'western' cultures. It will appeal to parents of all races and creeds who desire to expand their abilities beyond the mere mechanics of 'child management' to the attainment of true parenting success.

Laura Ramirez writes knowledgeably and with passion about the necessity of having a clear vision for our children and of understanding the sacred nature of our part in their lives; of the importance of honouring our children as unique individuals and of constantly promoting their wellbeing and development even as we work on ourselves to become the best role models for them that we can be.

This book, once read, can be referred to again and again for good ideas, for comfort and support, for hope and inspiration. Virtually every page is a reminder of something we can do as parents to make the world a better place for our children and for ourselves and others.

A work of meaning with its heart very much in the right place, Keepers of the Children is a very welcome addition to my personal library of parenting books and I'm sure it would be to yours, too.

Buy yourself a copy and join Laura in her mission: to raise a generation of children who use their strengths to create a sense of belonging, meaning and contribution. "Such children will grow up to be adults who are lights unto our world."

Keepers of the Children is an innovative parenting book that everyone young or old should read. Whether you're a parent or not, you will find words of wisdom that will touch and enlighten you with its sensitive natural approach. It will help to explore and deepen your understanding of life and how it can be led to the fullest of your potential.

Utilizing a blend of psychology and Native American methods, Ramirez has written a common-sense guide for parents to use in raising emotionally healthy children.

There is much here to help all of us as we deal with any inner demons from our own childhoods. She emphasizes the importance of adults working to identify the failures they personally experienced during their own childhood development. By doing so, they are able to ensure they do not pass on that cycle of failure to their own children.

We are reminded that as parents, we must first recognize ourselves as guardians and teachers rather than just mothers and fathers.

Through encouraging and practical examples in an easy-to-use format, Ramirez focuses on how being a parent is more than just raising a child. She stresses the need to cultivate and nurture our children, both physically and spiritually, so they may reach their fullest potential with the inner strength and skills to appreciate their own unique abilities--thus allowing them the ability to be a happy and productive force in society.

Armchair Interviews says: Overall, Keepers of the Children is an extraordinary guide that provides parents with thought-provoking strategies, information and skills to empower their children while assisting them to find their own identity and instill values which will help them flourish and grow throughout their lives.

Keepers of the Children is written with great love, wisdom, and sensitivity and is a book I would recommend to any parent of any child. The principles are psychologically sound, and the writing is almost poetic in its eloquence.
Highly recommended!
Sandra McLeod Humphrey
Retired Clinical Psychologist, Author, and Character Education Consultant

My daughter loves this workbook. It is fun and lets them cut paper what child doesn't like that. When I saw how it progressed I was worried my daughter wouldn't be able to do it. We are almost finished with it and she has had no problem rising to the challenge these books are great.

I purchased two of these books for my two 3 yr. old boys. They have really enjoyed them. We do about one project a day most days from this and several pages of My First Book Of Tracing (Kumon Workbooks) for their "homework" The first few days were kinda crazy and one of them actually cut the palm of my hand. They just wanted to cut whatever (and draw wherever on the other book) I thought these were a horrible idea until the third day. Both of them seemed to finally understand what was going on and settled down. Now they look forward to it. We made rockets today and they "flew" them all over the house! I also now have a rule that after we do our work properly, we can cut other paper however we want. That has been very successful. In regards to the actual workbook - the paper quality is very high which makes holding the paper easier. It doesn't flop around. It is also shiny and slick so you can tape and remove tape with out damaging the picture. The colors are bright and very appealing to my children. I am very happy with this product.

I saw these at my local home school store and picked this book up for my three year old. She loved it. She isn't one to keep still for long, but she enjoyed this book for an hour. My almost-five-year old loved it just as much and in one night they almost went through the whole book!!! Awesome. Will continue to use with them and my soon-to-be two-year old.

I'm cheating -- I haven't seen the book...but I just want to say, if you have a left-handed child, they need left-handed scissors! Many scissors say "for right or left-handed." IT'S A LIE! Take a 'regular' pair of scissors with your left hand and try to cut along a line. Because of the way the blades are stacked, you lose sight of the line at the last minute and cut about 1/8th of an inch away from the line...it's incredibly frustrating and it's the reason my lefty son tends to hold righty scissors an a really contorted position. His cutting skills improved tremendously when I bought him a pair of truly left-handed scissors (which reverse the blades, not just change the shape of the handle). Search online -- there's a website that sells products made especially for left-handed people. OK, I'll get off my soapbox now. :-)

The kids adore the Let's Cut book. I bought at least 10 of the Kumon books and the cutting has to be the top favorite workbook of both my 2 and 4 yr. olds.

I purchased this for my 3 1/2 year old. He loves it. Most of it was pretty easy for him, but I am so glad I got it. He loves stickers so the first few pages were a neat way to get started. The one on one time with Mom is wonderful and he looks forward to it every day. We usually did 3-4 pages each day. It is bright and colorful and the paper is very sturdy.

My son received this book for his second birthday and absolutely loved it! He wouldn't put it down. We have had a similar experience with the other Kumon books we have purchased since then. Highly recommend.

My son and I went through the entire book last night -- he loved it! I'm going to buy the More Sticker & Paste. He really enjoyed the gluing. I thought this would be a great book to bring on a trip with the exception of the need for scissors (which wouldn't work on an airplane).

This is an excellent book for teaching fine motor skills to little ones. I am a teacher and I highly recommend this for toddlers. My three year old loved it and wanted to do the whole book in one sitting.

My 2 year old loves this little book!! We're working through this and Let's Color simultaneously, and she asks (to put it mildly) for them everyday. It starts off very simply, placing a colored, shaped (circle, triangle, square) sticker over a coordinating blank spot in the middle a picture of an apple, watermelon, etc. I explained to her that the goal is to place it very carefully to try and cover the entire white space with the sticker. The paper and stickers are excellent quality, and can endure a couple of retries if she's not satisfied with her first attempt.
Of course you have to cut out pieces for the pasting portions. That's where the coloring book is coming in handy. She can do one of those while she's waiting for me to cut out the pieces for her next project. The pasting starts off similarly to the stickers, but advances to gluing features on a face, decorating a birthday cake, and 2-4 piece puzzles. Her first face was rather picassoesque, but the next day her panda was pandalike with no prompting at all.
This is my 4th child and I've "home pre-schooled" them all. I wish I'd had these available sooner. I love the incremental approach to more challenging activities. We've recently ordered the "More Let's Sticker and Paste" and "More Let's Color" and we're going to try "Let's Cut Paper" as well.

We just visited Mata Ortiz, and it is great to be able to connect all the faces and stories with the beautiful objects these humble artists create.

This is a great book for all that are curious about Mata Ortiz pottery and the people who make it. If you want to start collecting, it's a great book to have for a reference source. All artists mentioned in this book are of high caliber, as good, some even better than the Native American potters of the Southwest. At this time, these wares are also less expensive and affordable to most people. Hopefully they will be a good investment for the future.

Susan Moesch

A wonderful collection of photographs combined with dialoge about this remote village in Mexico. It describes the journey to get there, then details the lives of the talented people who live there. The photogtaphy is outstanding. A must for any person collecting or thinking of collecting pottery from this village.

"The Many Faces of Mata Ortiz" is a treasure trove of information about the treasures that are the Mata Ortiz people and pottery. It is well laid-out, well written, and well...wonderful!! The only thing that would make my copy better are autographs by Juan Quezada himself and every other potter in the book.

Unfortunately for whatever reason, Juan's son Alvaro is not featured in the book. He is indeed an exceptional artist.

I was able to meet Alvaro and Juan Quezada in Nov 2006 in their family gallery in Mata Ortiz and found them and their entire family to be humble friendly and genuinely thrilled that people love their wonderful creations.

If you have not had the opportunity to visit Mata Ortiz, "The Many Faces of Mata Ortiz" will inspire you to go. If you have, it will make you pine for it and it's people.

Almost 40 years ago Juan Quesada from the village of Mata Ortiz in Chihuahua singlehandedly revived Casa Grande style pottery. This book is a beautifully illustrated account of his success, along with the other artists of the village who learned from him. Becoming familiar with these artists should lay to rest the notion held by many Americans that Mexican imports are second class. These paper-thin pots are as beautiful as any you will ever see. This book has color photographs of many of the potters from Mata Ortiz as well as pictures of their pots. There is information on how the pots are made-- they are all built by hand from native materials, painted with brushes made from the artists' children's hair and fired over cow dung.

The book has a lot of interesting details-- for instance, when the Pope visited Mexico a few years ago, he was given three of these magnificent pots. Another fascinating tidbit is that one of every seven citizens of this village makes these pots. They have gone from doing manual labor to creating works of art.

Owning this book is the next best thing to owning a Mata Ortiz pot.

Only having less than a week to visit this beautiful, stunning area of CA, I found this book to be indispensable. It made a short trip a quality trip by the descriptions of everything in and around Monterey. I loved the photography as well! Although my trip was nearly 2 years ago, I still flip thru this book on occasion to dream about my next trip, and YES I'm going back! There is so much I that I missed due to my short stay, but thanks to this book I got to see my preffered highlights and I wouldn't change a thing.

Monterey is a very visually stunning area, my absolute favorite having visited in the US so far, and this book is a great way to ensure you see what you want to see.

I have lived in Santa Cruz County for 15 years and thought I knew the Monterey Bay coastal zone very well--that is, until I read Jerry Emory's Monterey Bay Shoreline Guide. This Guide is the best--it covers both familiar territory and less well-known aspects of the Monterey Bay and its coastal towns. I've found myself consulting it whenever I make any kind of shoreline jaunt, from discovering where one can walk one's dog on a beach in Carmel to locating the best on-shore whalewatching sites. The photos are beautiful as well as informative. The organization of the book, which includes sidebar articles on specific topics, lends itself to easy access for both the casual and serious reader.

I have lived in Santa Cruz County for 15 years and thought I knew the Monterey Bay coastal zone very well--that is, until I read Jerry Emory's Monterey Bay Shoreline Guide. This Guide is the best--it covers both familiar territory and less well-known aspects of the Monterey Bay and its coastal towns. I've found myself consulting it whenever I make any kind of shoreline jaunt, from discovering where one can walk one's dog on a beach in Carmel to locating the best on-shore whalewatching sites. The photos are beautiful as well as informative. The organization of the book, which includes sidebar articles on specific topics, lends itself to easy access for both the casual and serious reader.

I received this book as a gift and was immediately taken by the depth and breadth of this book. If you are traveling from Ano Nuevo to Monterey get this book! The author and photograper bring this spectacular shoreline alive with great descriptive copy and super photos(you've got to see page 136). Hidden beaches and other great spots that I would never have known existed. Great information about how to get there, what to do and how it got there. Get the family together, pack a lunch and bring this book. Guaranteed great day!

I thought I knew the Monterey region fairly well until I was given this book as a present! It is packed with great "bites" of information: natural history, human history, and how to get to all the beaches and parks. The writing is easy to understand, friendly in a way, and even fun. The maps are very helpful, and the book even has resource sections with phone numbers, website urls, and directions. AND, the photographs are stunning. A great gift for visitors, home libraries, or the glove compartment of your car.

This is not only a great text book for the ethnobotonists, but a great resource for the avid naturalist. In depth information on many species. A must have for any botanist.

This is a superb written reference. However, it has no illustrations, and should be on your shelf as an essential reference to deepen your knowledge of plants for which you have illustrations in other books, or prior first hand knowledge from actually seeing and handling the plants.

Dr. Daniel Moerman has spent several decades building a database based on the scholarly literature on Native American Ethnobotany. The steadily growing information has has several print and online incarnations, and this book, the latest, is by far the most extensive. A summary review of the body of literature on the subject, cross referenced by plant, by tribe, and by therapeutic catagory. Indispensable for the student of native ethnobotany. The book may be a disappointment for the reader wanting great detail on dosages and specifics on usages -- much detail has been lost while adapting the information to database style. It remains the one book a student should own if he or she can afford only one.

Ever since I was a little girl I have been fascinated with how our ancestors used plants for food as well as medicine. It wasn't until a few years ago that I started seeking out and purchasing books on edible and medicinal plants. I subscribed to different publications whose main focus was this subject. Any article in magazines on this subject immediately grabbed my attention. Then with the wonderful internet becoming available to anyone with a computer, my search for information took an exciting turn. One website for information linked to another site, and then to another and so on. But through time and my amateur research I discovered my interest started centering more and more on how Native Americans used plants for different purposes not only edible and medicinal but for dyes for ornamentation, for baskets and cooking vessels, for seasoning, etc. But I was so overwhelmed with information that didn't focus on this specific area until I came across the website of Dan Moerman's Native American Ethnobotany database; I found nirvana. I blundered around and through the website for months but with his kind help and patience with my questions I began to use his database in a more productive way. But then I discovered he had recently published a book called Native American Ethnobotany!! (...) When I received the book I thought I had died and gone to heaven! I can't speak for professionals but for amateurs like me he has saved me many hours of research in one way but has in turn stimulated my desire to continue researching this fascinating subject but now with a more educated direction. This is one of the items I would run back to save if my house ever burned down! It is worth every penny and is priceless in its information.

This book is the perfect combination of all the books in my library!

This is an easy read text, organized well for quick reference and very helpful in counseling.

Excellent book, those written more recently have different agenda, but this book was excellent in terms of creating a way to understand issues specific to Native people and counseling.

This book gives a brilliant insight into the issues that Native Americans are facing as a colonialized people. I don't believe America as a whole has come to the realization of just what it did to the indigenous people and the traumatizing effect the American Dream has had on the original inhabitants. To make matters worse, these people are normally treated by individuals that only come from the Newtonian-Descartian worldview of present day mainstream psychology. When treating people from another cultural background, you need to take into account WHERE they are coming from, and what their worldview are. To not do so, is just to continue the cultural genocide that has been going on for far too long. A highly recommendable book.

This is one of the best books that I have ever read. I see it as basic material for any counselor or therapist. While the focus is on Native Americans, it is relevant for work with clients of all cultures. The discussion of intergenerational trauma and the soul wound is particularly well done. Highly readable and it can change the way you practice. Profound!

It's been many years since the first time I read this book, it was, and remains, a very powerful and very relevant analysis of anger turned inward in the Native American community. It is, nevertheless, a work that confronts a very sensitive issue in the United States of America - the impact on current generations of genocidal colonization practices against long-established Native American communities by European colonizers. Do not read this book if you believe the Americas were pristine, unpopulated lands waiting to be "discovered" by Columbus, or Erikson, or any other European. Do read this book if you want to understand why other colonized cultures have turned to violence and dogma to seek revenge for the foreign imposition of arbitrary and intentionally destructive rulerships.