U Books

If you're looking for an intelligent, well thought out and organized guide to using tarot cards, this is the best I've ever found. It is not, strictly speaking, a traditional, Waite-deck, 'fortune-telling' approach. Originally published under the title, 'Choice Centered Tarot', this allows one to use the tarot as a guide to reflection, choice-making and everyday living. It can be used for creative projects and busting out of mental ruts. It is also easy to read, use and understand, and it's fun.

This is an older edition of the book now known as "Everyday Tarot", but since this is what I have, this is the review you get ;)

I read tarot on the side, but not that often. Still, I have enough experience to have more than the basics down, and I really liked the angle this particular author took. The book is very much a psychological approach to Tarot, with a strong emphasis on what the individual symbols mean to each reader and querent. Rather than being dogmatic about what each card means or doesn't mean, Fairfield encourages the reader to really think about the symbolism, even to the point of thinking very carefully about the colors in a deck before purchasing it. She advocates an approach to tarot that has a lot of preparation rooted in personalization rather than superstition.

I also like her comparison of divination to sitting in a hot air balloon. You can see a lot more than just the immediate surroundings, and get a much better perspective on what's going on. It's a very open-ended approach, one that allows a lot more freedom of personal interpretation and perception.

The meanings she gives for the individual cards are her own, admittedly, but she gives a lot of detail-and the preceding information provides the context within which she reads. Her section on designing and using spreads is also valuable.

Overall, I enjoyed this book. It's an incredibly useful tool for Tarot readers of any experience level, and would be a definite help in creating a more thoughtful, conscious approach to reading, rather than just going by whatever the book says.

I've been reading for over 30 years, and this is *still* my absolute favorite tarot book. I like the different approach she takes to it, addressing symbolism and numerology, rather than just the meanings of the cards. I'm thinking about starting to teach classes and, if people can still get it, this is the book I'll use.

"The only limit to the ways the Tarot can be used is your own imagination. Each life event, each emotional interaction, each inner awareness, presents us with an opportunity to understand ourselves and our Universe better. Every new problem or question is a challenge; with each challenge we discover new ways of using the Tarot." - From the book

Author Gail Fairfield advocates a choice-centered approach to Tarot, which encourages Tarot readers and querents ("readees" as she calls them) to use the cards for making better life decisions. In her book Everyday Tarot, Fairfield explains the structure of a Tarot deck, the development of number (such as "Two-ness"), the four suits, designing a layout (card spread) and more.

An excellent book for both Tarot beginners and experienced readers, Everyday Tarot provides an overview of the Major and Minor Arcana. According to Fairfield, every card is neutral in value, i.e. neither good nor bad in and of itself. However, the meaning of the card can be stretched along the entire spectrum of positive or negative. She likens cards to rain: rain is neutral, but too much can cause a disastrous flood and too little can cause a drought. Determining whether a card is to be interpreted positively or negatively depends largely on a querent's personality, question, and spread position.

Regarding reversals, Fairfield doesn't feel that the basic card meaning is affected, although the way an individual experiences the concept may change quite a bit. Upright cards indicate that an individual is experiencing the concept in a public, clear, objective or obvious way. Reversals, however, indicate that an individual is experiencing the concept in a more subtle, private, subjective, internal way.

For each suit and card, the author provides General/Neutral meanings as well as Positive, Negative, Upright, and reversed.

Arguable the most intriguing part of Everyday Tarot is the development of number throughout the Minor Arcana. Fairfield groups all the Minors in sets of three, except the 10's and Kings. These groups describe four different cycles-each having a particular level. She explains that every triad contains THIS, THAT, and THE OTHER. THIS refers to something new that is established, THAT challenges, confronts, changes or expands THIS and THE OTHER resolves and integrates the interaction between THIS and THAT. For example, Aces start the first cycle of three (the conceptual level) and are THIS, while Two-ness solidifies or confirms the direction of the Ace (THAT). Three-ness (THE OTHER) then unifies the aggressive energy of the One/Ace with the stabilizing energy of the Two. (The way she explains these groupings and cycles are easier than it sounds.)

The 10's are described as "hesitating" and aren't included in the triads or cycles. The Kings represent a completion point, and thus are outside of the triads as well.

Everyday Tarot also includes information on the reading process, choosing a Tarot deck based on symbols, ways to use the cards, and expanding your reading skills.

Personally, I found a lot of new, helpful information in this book. For example, I hadn't considered numerical values all that much when performing Tarot readings, but Fairfield's methods are so sensible and accessible, that I've started employing her system. I am also enjoying exploring reversals as internalized versions of cards as opposed to interpreting them merely as blocks, hindrances, or opposites of upright meanings. Everyday Tarot has also provided me additional insight regarding the suit of Wands. Fairfield considers Wands the suit of "Self", representing personal growth, awareness, and personal direction. It's the suit asking, "Who am I and where am I going?"

I've highlighted my copy of Everyday Tarot to death, and refer to it often. Overall, it's probably the best Tarot book that I've read thus far. Fairfield writes in the engaging style of a fellow reader as opposed to some high-minded "expert" pontificating in brittle prose. Her explanations are clear, her organization is tight, and her methods are empowering to both the reader and the querent. At 153 pages, it's not a huge book, but it's packed with immediately useful information and new ways of looking at-and using-the Tarot.

Gail Fairfield's "Choice Centered Tarot" is one of my top 5 tarot books. Rather than a lot of superstitious fatalism, Fairfield offers us a worldview that embraces taking personal responsibility for our choices in the present moment in order to CREATE our futures. The tarot is presented as a tool for gaining insights into those choices so we can be more informed and conscious. The section on choosing a deck based on how certain facets of humanity are depicted in the card images is very helpful and thought-provoking. The section on designing your own layouts is deeply empowering! When I first read "Choice Centered Tarot" in the 1980s, it made a huge impact on my tarot work AND on my personal philosophy of life. It still does. Get it and use it!!!

Broesamle & Arthur's Clashes of Will is an exceptionally fine book. It embeds some of our most complex current policy issues in both historical context and in the life experience of some of our nation's most famous figures. This little volume addresses foreign policy concerns about promoting democracy abroad and controlling nuclear weapons, domestic policy debate about the proper role of government in protecting the environment and providing adequate welfare and the limits of presidential authority, and in domestic social policy matters including racism, equality of opportunity, worker rights and women's rights. It does so with remarkable evenhandedness, suggesting the strengths of both sides of some of these on-going controversies while encouraging the reader to do some hard thinking about just what is correct and what is weak about each argument. I especially admire the way the chapters explain how the personal circumstances of some of the principals influenced and guided their principles and their actions. The book shows that ideas matter, that conviction and effort have big payoff. This book offers needed historical background, sound balance, and a little optimism about policy debates. What a wonderful primer for any student of public policy studies!

John Broesamle and Anthony Arthur explode the myth that history is boring. Clashes of Will explores and exposes the dramatic conflicts that have shaped American history. Unlike so many politically imbalanced books, this volume goes to great pains to present both sides of a confrontation. The book challenges those on the left and right to reconsider their beliefs and conclusions. In chapter after chapter, idealists confront realists-ideas bang into ideas with breakneck speed and lasting consequences. While both serious and casual students of history will enjoy this book, AMERICANS will benefit from a read through these beautifully written pages. Clashes of Will is history come to life-with vibrancy and passion.

Broesamle and Arthur's precise attention to detail allows us to regard anew contentious periods in American history. Marvelous prose and even some sly humor make this book a pleasure to read.

During several car trips, my husband and I read aloud Broesamle and Arthur's Clashes of Will and found ourselves eager to begin "just one more chapter," hoping not to reach our destination before we finished it. In each chapter, the authors posited two personalities and the conflicts that providence placed before them. For me the personality and historical development of those individuals transformed them from names in a book to people with logical rationale and reasonable urgings to confront issues as they did. The authors' scholarship and insights have produced an interesting and captivating read.

Broesamle and Arthur chisel into the reader's mind images of some of the most important and eccentric figures in U. S. political history and place them in the context of the confrontations that made them famous. This book is equally valuable for the general reader and the specialist. In addition, it's a darn good read.

This is the classic guide book for the Tetons. Many pictures and topos are provided to help route finding, however most topos are for the more difficult routes. The text is very descriptive. The book is heavy so be prepared to make photo copies before your climb.

exactly what I was looking for. All the detail I needed and more. Please send my thanks to the authors for the great beta.

Excellent book. Clearly describes hundreds of routes with climbing topo's and ratings. Highly recommended.

If you are looking for a comprehensive, detailed, easy to understand reference guide to the history, approaches and routes of the peaks of the Grand Tetons...look no further. Complete with Topos, black and white Arial photographs, and hand drawn route diagrams, this guide is a "must have" in any mountaineer's quiver of guide books. The book opens with a history of the Grand Teton Range and introduces readers to the men and women who explored and developed many of the modern routes enjoyed by all today; particularly the "bold" first accents of the early Teton pioneers Paul Petzoldt and Glenn Exum. The meat of the book can be found in the remaining pages covering everything from, recommended equipment, mountain safety, to detailed accounts of the climbs and approaches on all the jagged peaks of the Teton Range.
As a climber of 20+ years, I found this book to be extremely helpful on my trips to the Tetons and highly recommend this guide to anyone entertaining the possibility of climbing or hiking in the Teton Range. Whether you are a seasoned climber, or are considering cutting your teeth in one of the most spectacular mountain ranges the United States has to offer, consider this resource a must!

A good climbing guide is a personal friend. You spend hours reading about possible climbs, adventures awaiting for you. There is much pleasure in browsing a climbing guide, remembering the climbs you have made, those climbs not completed due to severe weather or other reasons, and all those climbs you have yet to try.

My Teton guidebook has particular value as I always inscribe notes about my climbs: the date, my companions, the weather, route finding tips (or conversely, where I went astray), elapsed time, and other items of interest.

This third edition, 1996, is more than four hundred pages. It is much to bulky and heavy to carry on a climb. But it is a remarkable reference of virtually every climbing route in the Teton Range. The descriptions are detailed and well-written. I have not encountered any climbing guide that is comparable in detail and scope to this work by Leigh Ortenburger and Reynold Jackson.

The number of routes and variations on the favorite peaks can be overwhelming. The most commonly used route is highlighted. Route descriptions range from easy scrambles to difficult climbs requiring substantial technical skill on ice, snow, and rock. Numerous excellent black and white photos with climbing routes overlain are scattered throughout the texts. Also, there are many detailed ink drawings of more difficult climbs.

For climbers new to the Tetons, the authors have listed more than 130 of their favorite routes ranging from easy scrambles to severe climbs 5.12 in difficulty, as well as difficult technical ice climbing routes.

The introduction, some sixty pages, is quite good. Major topics include a history of Teton climbing, descriptions of great climbs and traverses, details on the national park service policy, and a discussion of the difficulty rating system. The section on Teton weather and climatology is both helpful and sobering. Also, on more than one occasion I had reason to appreciate Ortenburger's and Jackson's bushwacking hints for those canyons without maintained trails.

I have used A Climber's Guide to the Teton Range for many years beginning with the first edition dating back to the 1960s by Leigh Ortenburger. In the intervening years a condensed version, an extended version (volume 2), and a second and third edition have been published.

This third edition is really quite exceptional and I highly recommend this guidebook to anyone planning to climb in Grand Teton National Park.

Maybe it was just me, but when I purchased this book on line I assumed it was going to be a book, you know the type with chapters and well thought out paragraphs. What I got was a book that is made up of day by day humorous quotes from the news sources of the time. So I was a little disappointed at the start just because my expectation was not met. With that out of the way I dug in and found the book provided a number of laughs and brought back a number of memories. The author picked up on mostly political issues to populate the book, but he does toss in a few pop culture items that usually show the ridiculous side of American life. The humor the author uses is rather dry and sarcastic, which fit very well with the news reporting style blurbs.

Overall the book is an easy to read, fun review of the 1980's that brought back a lot of memories for me. The author does tend to focus on a small group of topics, Geraldo Rivera, his dislike of popular music and Michael Jackson all seem to get repeated mentions. The book is the type you can have around and pick up every now and then and read a few pages. It is light fair and shows a 10,000 feet view of the 80's.

If I owned a time machine, I'd go back to the late seventies when Reagan was starting his campaign and drop copies of this book all over the country.

Perhaps it could have helped.

The idea that someone so incompetant and clueless could become PRESIDENT is a sobering thought.

Paul Slanksy evidently hates everyone, and the 80's supplied him with more than enough material to nail them all. Obviously, Republicans take far more abuse because the book IS about the Reagan era. This book is funny and really cuts through the nostalgia many (GOP in particular) hold about the 80's. Great Read.

The cover has been crudely taped on backwards, the cover laminate is gone, the pages are dog eared, but my copy still holds together after countless re-readings.
Chronological, exhaustive coverage of the gaffes and shocking lies told to the american public that made reagan so memorable (or should have), combined with gems of pop culture, entertainment, crime, and so on. An illustrated, cynical diary of soundbites and factoids. If you were under the general impression that reagan wasn't that bad of a president, you will walk away from this a changed person: he WAS'NT the president! The ascerbic commentary may seem occasionally unfair, (more so if your a republican), but 9 times out of 10 it hits straight on, attacking both democrats and republicans with their own quotes and foolishness. But mostly reagan.

I've lent this book to countless friends who all regarded former President Ronald Reagan as "a great man." Few of them adhere to that opinion today. It's astonishing to think that anyone so out of touch with reality could have been elected to two terms as President. Slansky's brilliant book combines seemingly unrelated pieces of information into a cohesive whole that reveals, once and for all, the astonishing incompetence of the Reagan administration. As a bonus, Slansky also manages to skewer virtually all aspects of popular culture of the 1980's. Since those who fail to learn from history are doomed to repeat it, this book should be required reading for all, lest we get another presidency like Reagan's. My copy has been read so many times that it is literally falling apart. One of the great books of the last fifty years.

This is a great gift book for your Republican/conservative friends. It's title tells all--it is a charming little quote book of ideas from our fortieth president. Biographies by family members are always superior to biographies written by distant observers, and this non-exception proves the rule.

It is a great gift book, meaning that it has dainty fonts and stunning pictures. It is organized topically, but is not indexed so you may have to hunt a little for your favorite quote. The cover is a nice balance of a thoughtful black and an autumn rust, reminding us that Reagan is in the autumn of his life and slowly heading to black. However, the cover has a border of gold remind us of the gold ofg life after death.

We need politicians with wit--Kennedy and Reagan both had the Irish blarney, but the silver-tounge seems to be scarce among the current chain-gang in Congress. This book should be a manditory study gude. We need to eradicate the superficial smashmouth so common on the Sunday shows!

Favorite Quotes:

"Government's view of the economy could be summed up in a few short phrases: If it moves, tax it. If it keeps moving, regulate it. And if it stops moving, subsidize it." (p. 111)

"What American needs is a spiritual renewal and reconciliation-firt man with God, and then man with man." (p. 75)

"Since I came to the White House, I've gotten two hearing aids, had a colon operation, a prostate operation, skin cancer, and I've been shot. Funny thing is, I never felt better." (p. 22)

Pros: (1) Michael Reagan has gathered an admirable collection of Reagan's utterances. (2) He has packaged the volume in an appealing design with useful topics and short, bulleted style.

Cons: (1) I hoped to find more of Reagan's humor in the book. (2) I guess you expect a collection of quotations to come from a devoted fan, but for me, the overall presentation would have been better received if some of Michael Reagan's gushing had been curbed.

I've been doing my own little research project on Ronald Reagan, and this book was great. It describes some things about him that only a family memeber could describe. You can definitely tell it was written by an adoring son, but it gives insight that no one else has, and reminds us of what a patriot, team player, and forward thinker Ronald Reagan was.

@In this book I have underlined or marked 115 partsAall of which can help me stay optimistic and start afresh in any difficult situation. The best feature of this book is the author's (President's son) brief comment in each chapter before President's quoted remarks. Through each bit of the author's episodic description of Ronald Reagan, I believe we can take a glimpse of Ronald Reagan's sincerity, honesty, dedication for the good of the United States and after all for democracy. The author's friend, a White House speechwriter for Reagan, personally told the author how Reagan, disapproving of his national security adviser's frantic opposition, had come to give a famous speech before the Brandenburg Gate in West Berlin, "Mr. Gorbachev, open this gate! Mr. Gorbachev, tear down this wall!" Reagan told the author himself on the occasion of the Reagan family gathering what he really wanted to whisper to the Russian Secretary General at the side of a negotiation table. The author's description on personal exchange with President, in coordination with well-selected quotes, successfully can show me who Ronald Reagan is and bring me to further reading on Reagan. @

There are times when words alone do not do justice. This is one of those times. I have never read a book so uplifting and righteous. Simply put; if you did not appreciate Ronald Reagan when he was the leader of the free world, you now have an opportunity to look back at the wit and truthfulness of the greatest president to grace the oval office. This is a fast read; excerps from speeches, etc. If you read only one passage, let it be the chapter on Leadership. You will truly understand the greatness of this American hero.

I'm hooked on these Allan Eckert books. The Conquerors has a multitude of characters to follow in this work. All of their true experiences are nail biting. I find myself following their paths by searching all of the maps that are included in the book. I plan on reading all 6 of his 600 plus page novels.

This is one of the better books in the Eckert series. I'd strongly recommend it for any history fan, and would definately encourage non-history fans to read this or any of Eckert's other books (Dark and Bloody River, Frontiersmen, Tecumseh).

This series is outstanding. These books are filled with actual historical dates, events, letters and people but with amazing readilbiity. I am not a huge history buff but these books pull you into the characters and their lives. I learned more fun history about this time through these books than while in school.

As always, I was more than satisfied with the delivery, the condition of the book and the timeliness. You are to be congratulated for your fine efforts.
Keep up the good works.....

Allan Eckert has a way of writing historical books that will make even someone that is not a history buff love history. I try and try to read the historical reference books but I find them to be very uneventful and boring. Allan Eckert can turn that into a thrilling novel that will keep you on the edge of your seat without losing its historical accuracy. All the books in this series are great. The Conquerors is very, very interesting.

my son brought this book home from the school library and it was one of the best stories I've read to my children in a long time. I had to get my own copy!

A wonderful new cowboy has entered the Texas scene.His name is Cowboy Sam. This book,Cowboy Sam and Those Confounded Secrets, has a special message to all young and old cowpokes alike. There is great importance in keeping someone's special secret. When Cowboy Sam finds he can't keep all those secrets under his hat, he has a problem to solve. The figurative language and absolutely heart warming pictures allow the reader to travel along beside Sam as he solves his problem. Kudos to these emerging authors as they captivate us with this wild west tale.

Cowboy Sam is the local secret keeper in Dry Gulch. When someone tells him a secret he always nods and says, "I'll keep it under my hat." The problem begins when Cowboy Sam's hat gets too full of secrets! Nothing he does will keep his hat on his head and the entire town of Dry Gulch has to worry about their secrets! Ultimately, Cowboy Sam finds a solution to his secret problem, a solution which wins over everyone in Dry Gulch, even Tight-Lipped Tess. From now on, Cowboy Sam will 'keep it in his heart'.

Our four year old loves this book and gets a real kick out of the cute Texas sayings that Cowboy Sam brings to the book. Yippity-Skippty and Yee-Haw! Illustrations are look good and are funny in their own right. Highly recommended for all small kids.

As a librarian,first grade teacher, and parent, I would strongly recommend, Cowboy Sam and Those Confounded Secrets, as a GREAT read aloud. A must have for every library, but essential for every "Texas" collection, Cowboy Sam proves to be a true hero, an honest, trustworthy fellow. This book has wonerful opportunities as a teaching tool, both textually, and in character development for your students/children. Author Kathy Combs is an energetic, entertaining, speaker. She will keep your students captivated. Mike Wohnoutka's illustrations are a colorful, humorous, compliment to this story.

Cowboy Sam and Those Confounded Secrets was given to me by the mother of one of my first grade students. We love books in our room, so I gratefully accepted and read it to my class. This book is a delightful story of a character set in a time that really interests children. The story held their interest, the illustrations are beautiful and I found it to be a valuable educational tool. This book fit in really well with our Character Building program. Sam is a cowboy who is trustworthy and never breaks a promise. We read it and discussed this positive trait and how it made Sam so likeable to others.
The book is rich in vocabulary. We discussed so many words! Examples include peculiar, confounded, bamboozled and dejected. We passed the book on to our older students, because it contains many similes, too. My favorite..." The day started out as normal as a blue jay soaring through the blue skies."
Cowboy Sam has become a welcome and much borrowed addition to my classroom library.

First an introduction: From 1986 - 1992 I was employed as an investigator at the Office of Capital Collateral Representative (CCR) in Tallahassee, Florida, where Scharlette Holdman worked as the supervisor of the investigators from October 1985 - March 1988.

I have known Scharlette since the mid-1970s death penalty debates at Florida State University, including the debate between Professor Richard L. Rubenstein (author of "After Auschwitz", "My Brother Paul", "The Cunning of History: Mass Death and the American Future", "The Age of Triage", "Religion and Eros", and other books) vs. Baptist Minister and Philosopher Will Campbell (the debate was circa 1977).

Her office, the Clearinghouse on Criminal Justice, was in the same wing of the Petroleum Building as my office at Common Cause in Florida (where I was a full-time volunteer during the day and worked at the Brown Derby Restaurant at night from 1981 - 1986).

The Petroluem Building was next to the State Capital, the Florida Supreme Court and the State Archives and Library. When it was torn down, the space and the space for the first CCR office became the Mary Brogan Art and Science Museum and a storm water retaining pond. The Petroleum Building was called by those of us who worked or volunteered there the "Forces of Good" (FOG) Building -- as opposed to FOE -- Forces of Evil, such as Associated Industries, the Chamber and other big business interests in Florida. The FOG building also included (not an exhaustive list) the Clean Water Action Project, the ACLU, NOW, Florida Legal Services, Migrant Farmworker's Organization (directed by Cliff Thaell, who has more recently been a Leon County Commissioner for about ten years or more), Mike Vasilinda's television news service.

About every two years at CCR there was a Marxist-Leninist-Stalinist-Maoist purge due to the pressures and dysfunctions of the work and the people. I survived two such purges. With the third, I was the first to go in the spring and summer of 1992.

When Scharlette had essentially declared war upon CCR in 1987 and thereafter, some of us decided to investigate her background given some things that we had heard. Low and behold, Scharlette's claim of a PhD in anthropology from the University of Hawaii and a Master's Degree from Memphis State (now University of Memphis) don't exist. A claimed undergraduate degree from Memphis State: I no longer recall if this was confirmed by the university.

We used Scharlette's Social Security number, her maiden name and her married name -- with all this information, both universities had no record of Scharlette having received any degrees from these institutions.

As I understand Scharlette, she needed the "degrees" to confer upon her "credentials" that she really never needed as she is indeed then and now a national expert on capital mitigation, litigation, etc. However Scharlette can be deceptive, as her lack of a PhD and Masters so demonstrates. Even today she claims to have the degrees as when she gives presentations regarding capital cases, she is identified as "Dr." A key word search of her name will bring up some of the presentations that she has made in the past several years with the title "Dr." preceding her name.

If she has received any honorary or other degrees since 1990, that would be new information for me. If anyone can assist in this matter, please contact me at paul_d_harvill@yahoo.com or my mailing address: P.O. Box 38458, Tallahassee, FL 32315-8458. Thank you.

Stuart Banner's The Death Penalty is a heavy hitting book that is absent the tendentious language present in Capital Punishment engagements to date. Moreover, it is remarkable for its impartiality as it weaves its way through the history of the death penalty. He explores how the Capital Punishment has been applied, for what kinds of infractions all the way from the Colonial times to today.

Banner challenges us to think of what role the American public plays in the process of punishment. Arguably, the same arguments posited almost 200 years ago about Capital Punishment are the same today as yesteryears. It begs the question, if this was written by someone who was pro-capital punishment, what would he bring up? In discussion, the answers were: the victims and the crime itself. Unlike The Contradiction of American Capital Punishment by Frank Zimmering, Banner does not provide closure but arguably ends the book, open ended.

Banner argues his points like any good historian. It is clear that he is passionate about putting it all out there and having the reader come to his/her conclusion. Banner works because writing about a subject that is more emotionally laden than most and still come across as objective is worth the price of admission. In a world of agendas and arguments it is refreshing, albeit long, to read a book that allows the reader rather than the writer to decide on such a contentious topic.

Miguel Llora

The recent actions by former Illinois Governor Ryan have raised many questions about capital punishment in the United States. I have read or heard several commentaries that have suggested the new focus on the death penalty may lead to its abolition. As an opponent of capital punishment, I hope this is true. But I doubt it.

A reader of Stuart Banner's "The Death Penalty: An American History" will realize very little new can be added to the debate. Banner provides an extensively detailed account of all aspects of the death penalty throughout the past 350 years. From colonial times through the execution of Timothy McVeigh, this book looks at the logistics, politics, and theology of capital punishment. The author comes as close to complete objectivity in presenting the history as possible. Banner is fair in showing the strengths and weaknesses in arguments for and against capital punishment. And he provides fascinating information concerning the debates that surrounded periodic changes in how the death penalty was administered. Throughout history there have been many debates: the merits of hanging versus electrocution; the arguments for and against public execution; the role of penitence (thus the name penitentiary) in punishment.

I found that this history of one issue was very much a microcosm of the broader history of the United States. For instance, I was not familiar with the legal term petit treason. This describes the concept of treason-an offense against someone to whom absolute loyalty is owed-in private life. Those convicted of petit treason were subject the "more severe" punishment of death by burning. In 17th and 18th century America two classes were capable of being convicted of petit treason. The classes were slaves "convicted of murdering their owners or of plotting a revolt" and women "convicted of killing their husbands." (p. 71)

Class played a pivotal role in the move from public hangings to jail yard executions. Banner describes how elites in the 19th century became appalled at public hangings because the large crowds were rowdy and displayed lower class sensibilities. Simply put, those in power were not opposed to hanging-they were opposed to being in the presence of the working class when the restraints of the workplace were removed.

Class, race, and gender divisions are evident in almost every area of this controversial issue. And no great American controversy would be complete with religious implications. In fact, no less a public preacher than Cotton Mather worried in the 17th century that he could rise to the occasion of giving the sermon to the crowd of thousands that attended executions. As the author notes about public hangings: "An execution could be a splendid occasion for reinforcing religious authority." To this day, capital punishment attracts those in authority to make religious arguments both in opposition and support of the death penalty.

As stated earlier, this book is not a polemic. It is an accurate history of one of our most contentious issues. As is the case with history, I am sure both those if favor of capital punishments and abolitionists can find many facts to support their beliefs. It is also true that a better understanding of history must allow all involved to reconsider some beliefs. "The Death Penalty: An American History" should be read by every legislator who will vote on state-sanctioned killing.

It's a testament to the balance found in Stuart Banner's history of the death penalty in the U.S. that I'm still unsure where he stands on the controversial issue. If I had to take a position, I would say that he's probably against it, but even after reading his three-hundred page book I can't be sure. That's a remarkable feat for a subject matter that immediately unbalances many people.

But "The Death Penalty: An American History" has other virtues. The book is scholarly, yet still an easy read for any interested layman; it is comprehensive, but doesn't get bogged down in details. Banner begins with capital punishment as practiced in colonial America and ends with public attitudes and constitutional issues in the late twentieth century. While the book basically follows a straightforward chronology, its chapters are arranged thematically.

Some of the most interesting parts of the book are in the beginning. How Banner describes public opinion toward the death penalty in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, the way executioners then -- who often were killing a man for the first and only time in their lives -- handled their duties, and the relationship between the public who viewed the execution and the condemned man, were all very fascinating to me.

But no part of this history is boring. Banner does a remarkable job of sustaining interest even when the book turns to modern times, where the history of the death penalty focuses more on legal and abstruse matters. Banner always clarifies the issues at hand, explaining clearly and objectively the importance of what he is writing about. I cannot recommend this book too highly. If you have any interest in the death penalty, read it.

Most books that are written about the death penalty tend to be partisan either filled with impassioned criticisms or passionate defences. This book is unusual as it is measured and objective.

It is not a long book but it looks at a surprisingly large number of issues not only about the penalty itself but the ritual around it, the means used and a detailed explanation of the constitutional argument that led to its abolition and its resurrection...

In describing the way the death penalty is administered the one interesting point made by the author is the discrepancy in its implementation. Almost all of the death penalty cases occur in the Southern States. There appear to be a number of reasons for this one being the fact that these states have the highest rates of murder, the only crime which realistically now attracts the penalty. The author however makes the point that another key factor in the geographic distribution of the death penalty is the way that defendants are represented. In the North the state funds public defenders officers which provide a high standard of legal representation. This means that during the penalty phase of the trial care is undertaken to call evidence that will lead to imprisonment rather than execution. In the South the system of providing legal assistance is for the state to pay private lawyers to undertake death penalty cases. The fees are stingey and as a result defence lawyers are often have no experience or skill in running such cases. Mitigatory evidence is seldom called and the usual methods of arguing for a lesser penalty are not used. Capital cases in the South are littered with tales of incredibly incompetent defence lawyers.

The writer appears to be a legal academic and the most interesting part of the book is the explanation of the constitutional arguments over the legality of the penalty. The explanation of the arguments over how it was argued that the penalty was cruel and unusual and the legislative changes which were used to overcome these arguments is excellent and makes a complex area easy to grasp.

All in all an interesting book for those who wish to read about the subject.

Wilcox artfully narrates her experience as an apprentice for Bill Anthony, a famous book binder and conservator. She artfully interspeses observations about books she is restoring with phases of her life as an apprentice and other texts. She evokes the spirit of craftmanship, of taking many years, much time, and much patience to develop mastery of her craft. Great for book art students, art students, or those considering an apprenticeship of any kind. Of particular interest to those who've made books before, because they will understand vividly the technical descriptions of her project (thought these are accessible to the lay person as well).

This was a strange read, because the author continually expresses her surprise for certain techniques and methods of the book conservators craft as she discovers them during her early learning and apprenticeship. I find this odd, as I've done a bit of self-taught bookbinding, and have encountered most of this knowledge through reading, and that the author purports to be a reader and decent student.

An element I found annoying was the typesetting of the book. In general, I'm tolerant of these things, but, as this is a book on book arts and the author worked as a typesetter for some time, one would think that more attention would be paid to this. Specifically, there is only a word space (1/5 em) between sentences, not the age-old standard of 1/3 em (or even the 2 spaces that is acceptable giving 2/5 em). Also, the excerpts are set in too small a font, which contrasts poorly with the main text face. This detracts from the pleasure of reading a book, and should have been more carefully considered. I suspect the publisher is to blame, not the author.

The book also seems to lack a broadness to the characters; their personalities, life, and interests are confined to the conservation department. Although the book is clearly a loving tribute to a master book conservator, one doesn't really learn about the man (nor much about the author).

A practical person can read this book as an extended essay on how to approach an apprenticeship, and how to bind conservation texts. A spiritual person can add layers to the stories and extrapolate life lessons. Either way, the main character/author is extremely sympathetic character. Her teacher had amazing gifts, both as a conservator and as a teacher.

The book is deceptively short. Looks like a quick read, but was so meaty and detailed, I found myself reading it for several weeks in order to digest all the material carefully.

If your taste runs to the obscure, the "sleeper," I hope you enjoy this book as much as I did.

A Degree of Mastery tells the story of one woman's journey through the education and apprenticeship necessary to become a book preservationist. Annie Wilcox, a bright woman with an impressive past in the field of English and writing, begins to take an evening class in bookbinding at the University of Iowa taught by a world-reknowned preservationist, William Anthony. Little does she know that not more than two years later she will become the first female apprentice ever to study under the direct supervision and teaching of Bill Anthony, an honored position granted only to six others before her. Through her apprenticeship, Wilcox learns the art of preservation and the dire need for conservation in every library, but especially those libraries that house an archives, manuscript or rare books collection. Through Wilcox's autobiography, the reader learns the basic process and means by which book preservation becomes possible as well as the importance and value of conservation in today's libraries. It is a wonderful piece of literature well-worth your time.

Someone who knew that I was in the Interdisciplinary Book and Paper MFA program at Columbia College Chicago gave this memoir to me. It's a really nice read---especially since the bookbinding world is a small one, and everyone in it knows everyone else, as people travel around the country giving workshops. Always interesting to read about people who you've had as teachers. I found it very well written, an evocative and accurate depiction of an obscure art/craft/lifestyle choice, an illuminated window into a small, specialized world.

My son is doing a project for school based on the Deltora series. He was so excited to see what the characters and monsters were actually suppose to look like compared to what he had imagined. He is really enjoying the book. To me, the book seemed a little pricey for what we got, but because he was happy, it was worth it.

i like coockies i like milk i like balls i like cholacte i like big camals i like my dad i like my mom i like my friends but i really like books and i really really really really really really really really really really like this book did i say i like coockies?
hey how do i sumit!?!

My son enjoyed comparing the artist's rendering of the monsters with his own imagination. Not really a book to read, more a reference book.

After A-Bob's last great review of Deltora Book #1, A-Bob's fans have asked for his return. A-Bob thanks his fans!! A-Bob's fans do like the A-Bob.

A-Bob remembers when Soldeen almost kills and eats Barda, Jasmine, Manus and Leif in The Lake of Tears. A-Bob was most happy when they escaped.

A-Bob needs to go to bed. Goodbye. Goodbye. Goodbye.

(...) (a very well read (...): I love the illustrations. They are awesome. They tell you about all of the monsters in the Deltora books. This is an awesome book!